Meat grinder "bite" people, Hefei special secret trick!

Although the frequency of meat grinder accidents is not high, but it is not prepared to meet unexpectedly, the on-site operation will certainly be more embarrassing. Since everyone's understanding of rescue is different, sharing content is for reference only.

First, the structure of meat grinder

The electric meat grinder mainly consists of a reamer, a reel, an auger (cage), a screw cap, a hopper and a power system. The working flow is fed by a hopper, and the material is weighed and the screw feeder is rotated into the reel. Then, it is sent to the reamer by the rotation of the screw feeder and chopped. The screw cap can close one end of the reel, connecting the screw feeder and the power system.

Most hoppers and wringers of meat grinders form a T -shaped, semi-wrapped, fully wrapped meat grinder. The internal structure is basically the same.

Second, the meat grinder material

At present, electric grinders in accidents mainly consist of cast iron and gray cast iron. Gray cast iron comes from pig iron. Both have similar physical characteristics.

Take HT200 gray cast iron material as an example. HT is the abbreviation for gray cast iron Pinyin, and 200 is tensile strength ( MPa ) . These materials have high strength and hardness, good casting process performance and cutting performance, simple production and cost. Lower but poor tensile strength, plasticity, and toughness.

Some new types of household meat grinders are made of stainless steel, and then made of aluminum alloy screw feeder, because of the small number and relatively reasonable design, difficult to fight the case, there are card accidents mostly cast iron electric meat grinder .

Supplementary knowledge points: protection of severed fingers

There is no exact time limit for the ability of a finger to withstand ischemia after being isolated. The medical community generally believes that moderate to severe degeneration occurs after 10 hours of finger pressure. The protection of severed fingers avoids liquid soaking, avoiding oppression, and avoiding contamination. It is suitable to be stored in an environment of 4 ° C . The wounded in the near area can be easily wrapped with sterile gauze, and the broken finger protection of the wounded on the ground is more complicated. The general idea is that the gauze is falsely wrapped. The plastic bag was wrapped in water and placed in crushed ice.

The replantation of severed fingers in the medical industry is very delicate. The general process is the debridement of the distal and proximal sections of the severed finger using microscopy. The blood vessels, nerves, tendons, arteries and veins are repaired and docked one by one, and the bones are completed. Fix it with joints and finally suture the skin to complete the operation.

By the way, I visited many doctors and studied Mr. Cheng Guoliang's “Replanting and reconstructing the fingers” in a complete way. I feel that the severed fingers are sometimes very delicate and unpredictable. It will affect the replantation surgery in the later period and should be left to the physician. A good finger off."

The most critical condition for the successful replantation of severed fingers is whether the injury, freshness, and severed fingers of the cross-section are properly preserved. The cutting fingers caused by cutting injury and punching injury are fast and have neat sections, and the replanting survival is the least difficult.

The damage caused by the fingers of the meat grinder is caused by the squeeze between the reel and the screw feeder. It is a crush injury and may be accompanied by avulsion. The replantation of these two kinds of injuries is almost the most difficult. Crush injury caused by the severed finger usually severely damaged, once the collapse of the cross-section organization, it will lose the possibility of replanting survival.

Third, the idea and method of disposal

The thoughts and methods of disposal must be combined with the taboo of severed finger and the characteristics of the material structure of the meat grinder. After learning a hundred battle cases, combined with their own experience, the operating elements currently used for disposal are “cutting”, “expanding”, and “reversing”. turn". The tactics of warfare around the country can be divided into three categories: 1 cutting on both sides of the reel; 2 cutting and expansion; 3 removal of the half-tube plus reversal.

(I) Analysis of Operational Disadvantages

1 , "cutting" operation, the cutting operation will generate a certain amount of heat, so the cutting of the meat must be accompanied by cooling, the main drawbacks of the cutting operation of the broken meat grinder is the conduction of heat and the flow of coolant, high temperature will damage the broken Refers to the distal section and destroys the conditions for replantation.

The minimum time for disposal is more than ten minutes and it takes more than two hours. In any case, the minced meat will not be cleaned up, and the partial soaking will be very dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to control the coolant while also achieving effective cooling.

As you can see from the picture above, when the water vapor is cooled, the temperature can be imagined and how high it is.

2 , expansion operations. Its application drawback stems from the special physical properties that make up the material of the wringer. The gray cast iron material of the reel material is high in hardness and poor in tensile strength. The choice of expansion must be accompanied by the cracking of the reel. The operation must be carried out in the condition of freehand fixing, and the impact caused by the expansion and cracking should be faced directly. Prepare hard, metal cracking is even better than a grade.

The impact and displacement resulting from each expansion collapse are in the close section of the compression finger. Some of the finger structures are only partially disconnected or have a small part of the skin connected. These connected parts will have a small number of blood vessels to maintain blood supply, which is significant for the replantation of subsequent severed fingers. The threat of connection is large.

The cracks caused by the expansion may collapse the components and have seen such operations, so the intensity of expansion should be controlled.

3 , "reverse" operation. Reversal is definitely a magic weapon for rescue veterans. When visiting doctors, they all expressed doubts about reversal. This is outside the network can see, medical professionals questioned the voice, if I remember correctly, at least three out online've seen such a scene.

The commander of the content part expressed regret that it was difficult to accept because the concept of "reversal" is a traditional magic weapon in various rescues. It is fast and real! However, it is also necessary to consider the opinions of medical personnel. They are the last barrier to help the wounded. Later analysis, compromise, really want to reverse, then in the case of full implementation of the break, and then turn.

(II) Analysis of Operation Methods

The three major categories of methods do not speak, and say that an optimized cutting and expansion is used. This is a battle case after the Hefei special service was summed up for research. It is for reference only.

The first step: remove the T -shaped structure; the second step: both sides weakened, you can consider the angle grinder. Absorb the outstanding links in the individual cases of the Coastal Corps, use the shear-and-expansion clamp instead of the freehand method to fix the " T -structure"; the third step: banding and fixing rubber bands, using rubber bands instead of freehand to control the degree of cracking; fourth step, using expansion The reamer end expands. There are friends who do not understand, you can contact customer service WeChat: banlima , apply to enter the hope group, to discuss.

The machine is a semi-wrapping fuselage and will effectively control the coolant throughout the entire rescue process.

Additional knowledge points: "Cutting with precision cooling"

The traditional cooling method is the cooling of the hand-held water bottle, or dumping the bottle, or pressing the bottle cap to squeeze water out. The effectiveness of the cooling operation depends entirely on the feel of the combatant.

Bottle dumping can make the flow rate large and small, unable to control the flow of coolant, and the low accuracy makes the coolant fall on the grinding wheel, which will not play a cooling role, but will also make the grinding wheel roll up the cooling liquid to block the cutting sight. Bottle dumping can only be done from top to bottom in open space.

The method of holding the bottle after drilling is also manual control, lack of continuity and accuracy, the limit cooling distance in the confined space will not exceed one meter, and will consume a lot of physical strength, in summary, the existing In terms of flow rate, the cooling method cannot meet the requirements of uniform and controllable flow rate and continuous uninterrupted flow. It is not accurate enough in terms of jet flow, and it is not possible to adopt any arbitrary angle of shooting.

When handling a rotary cultivator, it was found that the cooling technology and equipment need to be improved. In a narrow space, cooling can no longer be performed in the same direction, but only another route can be chosen. The other route is cooled and the distance is too far away.

Later, the unit purchased a peristaltic pump, coupled with a silicone tube, to achieve the actual needs. Especially when handling meat grinders, the requirements for cooling are relatively high. It is even more necessary to control the coolant. Form immersion or long-term erosion, the damage is very serious.

Peristaltic pump works animation

Fourth, analysis of other methods of disputes

1. External force to break the reel.

The incredible way that external forces can break the wreck must be placed first on the "black list." There was a case in which the moment of hammering and breaking the wreckage , the trapped person screamed and screamed , and the proximal end of the trapped finger was violently impacted and oppressed, resulting in severe pain.

This method of opening the wringer is too sloppy and any attempt to open the wringer momentarily is extremely risky without adequate breakage and padding.

2. Direct expansion or direct reversal.

In the previous section, the drawbacks of the application of expansion and reversal have been introduced in detail. The operation of direct expansion has caused too many cracking times and excessive dynamics, and each step of the operation goal is extremely unclear. The reversal operation is generally criticized by doctors.

3. Peel the hopper after cutting off the tray.

Cut off the tray connecting the hopper is to lay the meat grinder T -shaped structure, convenient to fix the machine, and then break the hopper is an absolute redundant operation, many battle cases cut the hopper a hole, but ultimately still rely on the broken skein Take the tube, this extra step is obviously temptation, exploration and formation of the operation, usually trapped in the person's hand will not be stuck in the hopper.

4. Use daily tools such as hacksaw blades.

The use of hacksaw to open the wringer takes too much time. It has taken more than two hours to dispose of this type of warfare. It has worn several hacksaw blades to complete the rescue. The user should be excessive to avoid secondary damage, but ignores it. In the time of the rescue, during the demolition operations, the most inefficient use of hacksaws, nail clippers and other inefficient daily gadgets are all “time killers”.

5. "Transfer to hospital for disposal."

When the first arrival of the police is the scene of the accident, there are usually two types of “transfer to hospital for disposal”. The first is that the injury is indeed too heavy. If there is no seriousness under the serious injury, the replanting of the severed finger should be taken into account. It must be urgently transferred to the hospital for treatment. Second, there are defects in the ability to handle and lack of confidence. They want to seek the help and support of doctors.

The far and near cross sections of the severed finger are pressed in the wet reel. When the injury is not too heavy and the replantation of the severed finger is possible, it is the right choice to disengage the severed finger from the harsh environment as quickly as possible.

6. Anesthesia before disposal.

The psychological impact on the trapped person and the physical pain of the meat grinder carder will indeed cause some people to faint, but most trapped people can maintain clear thinking and consciousness. Preanesthesia does not conflict and does not affect replantation surgery.

It is indeed feasible from the medical point of view, but when the trapped person has a clear consciousness, merely administering anesthesia to the trapped person to relieve pain is equivalent to cutting off the trapped person, the proximal end of the broken finger, and the sense of the rescue person. Contact, after anesthesia is applied before disposal, can not be through the trapped person's reaction, the most intuitive to determine whether the temperature produced by cutting is too high, the impact of expansion can withstand.

V. Conclusion

The primary goal of handling meat grinder accidents is not to simply take the hand, but to save the near and far end of the broken finger.

The structure characteristics of the meat grinder should be combined with the physical properties of the material, as well as the protection of the near and far end of the broken finger and the various operational elements in rescue operations.

This article is reproduced from WeChat public number: Orange Rescue.