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Superconducting circuit used in this measurement
The Japan Information and Communications Research Institute (NICT) announced on October 11, 2016 that together with the NTT and the Qatar Institute of Environmental Energy (QEERI), the new lowest energy state (ground state) existing in superconducting artificial atoms has been discovered, similar to photon entanglement. Molecular state. Since it is possible to provide a method for controlling the interaction of matter and light within a much larger energy range, it is expected to find out the physical principle of quantum phase transition and apply it to the use of non-traditional light such as Schrödinger cat state. State quantum technology opens the way and contributes to the research of quantum technology, such as quantum communication, quantum simulation and computation, and the development of a new generation ultra-precise atomic table.
As early as about 40 years ago, that is, in the 1970s, it was predicted that if the interaction between atoms and light is strong, there will be a qualitatively new lowest energy state (ground state). Later, there emerged a debate about "if this situation is prepared under realistic conditions, whether this prediction can be realized." The co-investigator, Dr. S. Ashhab of QEERI, and others had several years ago discussed theoretically the conditions needed to form this new state with superconducting circuits.
This experiment used superconducting artificial atoms with the same quantum properties as atoms made using microfabrication techniques, and photons enclosed in superconducting circuits. In order to share the larger Josephson inductance with a large zero-point noise current LC resonant circuit and superconducting permanent current qubits, and very strongly combined, researchers have carefully designed the circuit. A spectrophotometric experiment was performed on this circuit. Through the analysis of the obtained spectrum, a new state was predicted.
The total energy of an artificial atom in a circuit is the sum of the energy of light itself, the energy of the atom itself, and the interaction energy of light and atoms. By using the advantages of the macroscopic quantum system, the interaction energy between light and atoms has been successfully increased to a level higher than the energy of the light itself and the energy of the atom itself (achievement of "deep integration"). In the "deep and strong combination", new symmetries have emerged in the light and atomic systems, and the law of selection has been discovered in quantum migration. At the same time, some of the displayed properties have been observed, such as the inclusion of all ground states. In the state, quantum entanglement of light and atoms is realized.
The research team will continue to promote related research in the future to find out if multiple superconducting artificial atoms and photons can observe the same state. In addition, in order to apply to quantum communication node technology, to improve the multi-system quantum state control technology including the ground state, the artificial behavior of the molecular state, the dynamic characteristics of photon absorption and luminescence processes, and the use of this state to generate new entanglement Methods and other studies were started.
This study was conducted by NICT responsible for experiments and analysis. NTT was responsible for the production of samples. QEERI was responsible for the theoretical explanation. The research results were published on the electronic version of Nature Physics on October 11, 2016. (Special Contributor: Kudosuke)
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