Technical Analysis of Emergency Communication Guarantee under Major Geological Disaster Conditions

Abstract: In recent years, China's major geological disasters have occurred frequently, which has brought great losses to people's normal lives and the stable development of society. For the emergency communication technology at the time of disaster, it plays a key role in the development of disaster relief work and is a necessary means to ensure the smooth progress of the rescue work. The article mainly analyzes the communication guarantee technology during the occurrence of major geological disasters, and briefly describes the current technical system.

Keywords: major disaster conditions; emergency communication guarantee; technology

In recent years, many new communications equipment and tools have been widely applied to disaster relief. However, there are many areas that need continuous improvement in practical applications. How to ensure the effective implementation of emergency communications support technology in the event of a major disaster and reduce The destruction of disasters is the focus of the study.

1 Functional Analysis of Emergency Communication Support Technology for Major Disasters

From the actual point of view of past disaster rescue work, the main functions of the emergency communications support technology for major geological disasters are as follows:

( 1 ) Ensure timely and rapid communication between the various levels of on-site rescue.

( 2 ) Ensure that the communications at the rescue site consist of both wireless and wired functions, a professional GPS positioning system, and a good broadcast and lighting system for on-site rescue work.

( 3 ) The communication and contact between the on-site rescue and the command center are two-way and multi-modal, including audio, video and data transmission.

( 4 ) Resources such as rescue equipment and personnel can be shared, and the overall cohesion of regional defense disasters can then be formed.

( 5 ) Ensure that the system can be called up at any time and share emergency rescue plans for major hazards. It can quickly collect various information data at the disaster site to ensure the correctness of the rescue command decision.

2 Analysis of Means of Emergency Communication Support Technology under Major Disaster Conditions

The so-called major disaster accidents, its accident scene is often complex and changeable, rescue work has great difficulty, if only relying on a single means of communication is far from enough, which requires the establishment of a comprehensive communications network to modern communications The main technology is to integrate existing communication support technologies to ensure smooth and timely information delivery.

2.1 Satellite Communication System

The remarkable advantages of satellite communication systems are their good maneuverability, wide coverage area, and small impact from weather and geological disasters, which can ensure timely and smooth information communication. In the emergency communication assurance technology, the satellite communication system is composed of a unified satellite frequency resource and a plurality of different satellite stations. Under the coordination of the same network management system, the satellite communication system can be comprehensively applied. It can monitor disasters in an all-round, all-weather, real-time manner and can conduct effective and comprehensive command. Utilize the necessary constitutional facilities to establish a communication network with the frontline headquarters and the rear command department to ensure the normal connection of rescue work. Satellite communication can be achieved through satellite communication vehicles or artificial backpack satellite stations. The communication rate can be as high as 2M to 20Mb/s , enabling voice, video and data communication.

2.2 50MHz Wireless Communication Technology

The so-called 350 MHz wireless communication technology, that is, trunking communication, is the most common and major communication network in the current emergency department, and plays an important role in responding to major disaster relief work. From the perspective of its current development, it mainly consists of two parts, namely cluster communication technology and conventional communication technology. Its application in disaster relief work has many advantages, including high utilization of the channel and high confidentiality of information exchange, etc. It can play a very flexible coordination role in the smooth development of rescue work. Cluster communication can complete the group call without setting up the base station, and the communication distance can reach 3 kilometers . If the cluster base station and the overhead antenna are used, the communication distance can reach more than 20 kilometers, and more functions can be completed.

2.3 Short Wave Communication Technology

In the emergency communication assurance technology system, the shortwave in shortwave communication means that its wavelength is in the range of 10m to 100m , the frequency is 3MHz to 30MHz , and the communication distance is up to 500 to 2000km . However, the communication rate is low and it can guarantee voice communication. IP communication has a large delay and a high packet loss rate, which is a kind of wireless communication. In a major disaster rescue scene, a lot of communication technology and facilities paralyzed, can not play a role, but HF communication can utilize spare battery or generator> can communicate exchange, which can ensure smooth communication with the rescue site for The relief work provides great convenience.

2.4 Emergency Communication Command

The emergency communication command vehicle is a command center with mobile command function that integrates satellite communication technology, computer communication technology, and wireless voice communication technology. In the scene of disaster relief, the accident image and voice information of the scene can be quickly and promptly transferred to the command center with the support of the on- board satellite system , so as to achieve remote monitoring and communication between the rescue site and the command center, ensuring the The data query and the realization of voice communication function provide reference for the decision-making of remote command and ensure the scientific and rational decision-making.

Danish Tane BGAN explorer Thrane-527 vehicle satellite terminal

2.5 Stratospheric Communication Technology

The stratosphere uses air balloons to lift airships to achieve a wide range of communications. The helium airship can be lifted to a height of 30 to 50 km above the ground , with a carrying capacity of up to 500 kg . It can carry a large number of communications equipment and even arrays of solar arrays. There is no adverse weather such as wind, lightning, or heavy rain over the stratosphere. It can work continuously. years, communication coverage range of up to 10 000 km2 or more, the energy consumption is very low, the receiving terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer terminal. It is a convenient means of communication for the rescue of geological disasters.

3 Conclusion

The occurrence of major geological disasters will not only cause major damage, but also cause serious threats to people's lives and property, and will also be detrimental to the stability of society. In the field disaster relief work, the emergency communication guarantee technology can effectively guarantee the communication between the disaster area and the outside world, and it can also provide support for the smooth implementation of the rescue work. With the support of modern science and technology, emergency communications support technology has achieved significant development and innovation. Various new technologies and equipment have been widely adopted, greatly improving communications support capabilities, and thus ensuring timely and efficient disaster relief.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.