Recently, Tang Yongbing, a researcher at the Functional Film Materials Research Center of the Institute of Advanced Integrated Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and his research team have successfully developed a new type of high-performance, low-cost potassium-based double-ion battery technology that is expected to replace the existing tradition. Lithium-ion battery technology and industrialization. Related research results A Novel Potassium-Ion-Based Dual-Ion Battery (a new type of potassium-based ion battery) has been published online in the International Materials Journal (Advanced Materials DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700519).
Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in portable electronic devices, energy storage devices and other fields. However, as lithium-ion batteries are gradually used in smart phones, electric vehicles and other fields, the demand for lithium rapidly increases year by year, and the global reserves of lithium are very limited and unevenly distributed, causing raw material prices to rise rapidly, which seriously restricts the low cost of China. The rapid development of high-performance energy storage devices. Potassium has a similar physical and chemical properties to lithium, and its abundant reserves, low cost, and lower redox potential than sodium, making potassium ion-based secondary battery systems have received widespread attention.
Combining the respective advantages of potassium-ion batteries and dual-ion batteries, Tang Yongbing and his graduate student Ji Bifa and others successfully developed a new type of high-efficiency, low-cost tin-graphite double-ion battery based on potassium ion electrolyte. The battery uses the tin foil directly as the negative electrode and the current collector of the battery, and the expanded graphite serves as the positive electrode. The electrolyte uses the cheap and readily available potassium hexafluorophosphate as the potassium salt electrolyte dissolved in the organic solvent. The new battery has a higher energy density and a longer cycle life, and significantly reduces the battery's production costs. The reaction mechanism of the new battery is as follows: During charging, the potassium ions in the electrolyte move to the negative surface of the tin foil to form a potassium tin alloy, and the hexafluorophosphate is intercalated into the positive graphite; during the discharge, the potassium tin alloy on the negative electrode is dephosphorized. At the same time, the hexafluorophosphate in the positive graphite is deintercalated into the electrolyte. The results show that the new potassium-based double-ion battery still maintains 93% capacity after 300 cycles of charge and discharge cycles at a constant current of 50 mA g-1; and the energy density can reach 155 Wh/kg, compared with the existing conventional lithium-ion batteries. The energy density is comparable. The research results are expected to replace the existing traditional lithium-ion battery technology and have great industrial application prospects.
The study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation, the Guangdong Provincial Innovation Research Team, the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project, the Shenzhen Science and Technology Plan Project, and the National Natural Science Fund.
(a) Reaction mechanism diagram of a novel potassium ion battery; (b) XRD pattern of Sn-K alloying reaction; (c) Battery rate performance curve; (g) Novel cell cycle stability test curve.
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