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A new type of nanocatalyst has been developed that can convert major greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) into high value-added hydrogen (H2) gas.
This catalyst is expected to make a great contribution to the development of various wastes into energy technology, because its conversion efficiency from CH4 to H2 is more than twice that of traditional electrode catalysts .
In the UNIST School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, the research team led by Professor Gun-Tae Jin developed a new method to improve the performance and stability of the catalyst for the reaction (ie dry reforming of methane, DRM) to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CO), the raw materials are famous greenhouse gases: such as carbon dioxide and methane.
Commonly used catalysts for methane dry reforming are nickel-based metal complexes. However, as time goes by, the performance of the catalyst will decrease and the life span will also decrease. This is because carbon accumulates on the surface of the catalyst when the catalyst is gathered together or the reaction is repeated at a higher temperature.
"The uniform and quantitatively controllable iron (Fe) layer formed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) promotes topological dissolution and increases finely dispersed nanoparticles," said Sangwook Joo (MS/PhD group, School of Energy).
Figure 1: Schematic comparison of samples, SEM image, correlation between ALD cycle number and particle size/number, and x-ray photoelectron curve. (A) Conventional solution of LSTN and (B) SEM image of corresponding LSTN. Ruler, 500nm. (C) LSTN-20C-Fe through ALD extension to the solution and the corresponding SEM image of (D) LSTN-20C-Fe after reduction. Ruler, 500nm.
One of the first authors of this study, Arim Seong (Ph.D., UNIST School of Energy and Chemical Engineering) said. Since these particles are composed of nickel and iron, they also exhibit high catalytic activity.
Figure 2: DRM for catalytic performance. (A) LSTN, LSTN-10c-fe and LSTN-20c-fe react with methane in the DRM reaction. (B) Calculate the methane reaction activation energy of LSTN, LSTN-10c-fe, and LSTN-20c-fe. (C) Time dependence of CH4 reactivity and H2/CO of LSTN-20C-Fe in DRM at 700℃.
The catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity during continuous operation for more than 410 hours, and the performance did not significantly decrease. Their research results also showed a high methane conversion rate (over 70%) at 700ºC. Professor Jin said: "This is more than twice the power conversion efficiency of traditional electrode catalysts. In general, the abundant alloy nano-catalysts obtained through ALD mark the evolution of solutions and their application in the field of energy utilization. One step."
The results of this study were published in the journal "Science Advances" on August 26, 2020. This research was jointly completed by Professor Jeong Woo Han from POSTECH, Professor John M. Vohs and Professor Raymond J. Gorte from the University of Pennsylvania.
(Original from: Fuel Cell Engineering China New Energy Network)
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