Nitrogen is a large amount of essential elements for crop growth and plays an important role in promoting crop growth and increasing yield. Therefore, nitrogen fertilizer is widely used in production. However, many farmers are currently over-reliant on nitrogen fertilizer, and some plots use nitrogen fertilizer more than crops throughout the year. 50%-200% of the required fertilizer, not only wastes fertilizer, but also pollutes the groundwater source, destroys the agglomerate structure of the soil, leading to a decline in arable nature, causing a large area of ​​disease, how to rationally use nitrogen fertilizer, improve its utilization rate, and reduce Production cost has become an important issue in fertilization. The effective methods to increase nitrogen use efficiency are summarized as follows:
First, a small number of times, deep application of soil. A small amount of multiple times can make more nitrogen nutrients absorbed by crops and reduce losses. Ditching, digging, and applying to the soil can greatly reduce the loss of nitrogen nutrients due to volatilization, and the floating surface is not only lost, but also In the plastic arch shed environment, crop damage will occur due to nitrogen accumulation.
Second, look at the weather conditions and fertilize. The application of urea to the soil undergoes an ammoniation process as the temperature increases. Therefore, urea should be applied when the temperature is high. When the temperature is low, ammonia and ammonium bicarbonate should be applied, and the nitrogen fertilizer should be sprayed on the foliar surface. The fertilizer efficiency is related to the length of time the fertilizer liquid stays on the leaf surface. If it is sprayed when the light is sufficient and the temperature is high, the water will evaporate quickly, and it is difficult for nitrogen to enter the leaf cells; if it rains after spraying, the nitrogen fertilizer will be lost, which will lose the effect of foliar spray, so it is most suitable. The time is cloudy without rain or after 4 pm.
Third, fertilize according to soil conditions. The clay soil is sticky and the nitrogen volatilization is less. The amount of nitrogen used at one time can be slightly larger. The water retention capacity of sand soil is poor, and the nitrogen application rate is best based on the principle of eating less and eating more.
4. Fertilize depending on the type of crop. Nitrogen long leaves and phosphorus long fruit, potassium fertilizer can grow longevity, leafy vegetables such as cabbage, green vegetables, leeks, leeks, etc., topdressing can be mainly nitrogen fertilizer, but fruit vegetables, such as melons, solanaceous fruits, in addition to seedling stage In addition to nitrogen, other elements such as phosphorus and potassium are needed in other periods. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer not only has low utilization rate, but also causes plants to grow in length. As a result, flowering is delayed and yield is reduced. In addition, rhizobium of legumes such as soybeans and peanuts can fix free nitrogen in the air, and can be applied less or not.
5. Fertilization during different growth stages. The germination period mainly uses the nutrients stored in the seeds, and rarely absorbs the soil nutrients. The root system is still underdeveloped at the seedling stage, and the soil nutrients are still not much. If excessive nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the excess nitrogen fertilizer will accumulate in the soil. Nutrient growth and long-term results require a lot of nutrients. It is necessary to fully supply fertilizer, but it is necessary to pay attention to the reasonable combination of various fertilizers. It is not possible to apply nitrogen fertilizer. The production adopts measures such as staged fertilization, blending and blending, fertilization and irrigation to exert the effect of fertilizer and improve its utilization rate.
First, a small number of times, deep application of soil. A small amount of multiple times can make more nitrogen nutrients absorbed by crops and reduce losses. Ditching, digging, and applying to the soil can greatly reduce the loss of nitrogen nutrients due to volatilization, and the floating surface is not only lost, but also In the plastic arch shed environment, crop damage will occur due to nitrogen accumulation.
Second, look at the weather conditions and fertilize. The application of urea to the soil undergoes an ammoniation process as the temperature increases. Therefore, urea should be applied when the temperature is high. When the temperature is low, ammonia and ammonium bicarbonate should be applied, and the nitrogen fertilizer should be sprayed on the foliar surface. The fertilizer efficiency is related to the length of time the fertilizer liquid stays on the leaf surface. If it is sprayed when the light is sufficient and the temperature is high, the water will evaporate quickly, and it is difficult for nitrogen to enter the leaf cells; if it rains after spraying, the nitrogen fertilizer will be lost, which will lose the effect of foliar spray, so it is most suitable. The time is cloudy without rain or after 4 pm.
Third, fertilize according to soil conditions. The clay soil is sticky and the nitrogen volatilization is less. The amount of nitrogen used at one time can be slightly larger. The water retention capacity of sand soil is poor, and the nitrogen application rate is best based on the principle of eating less and eating more.
4. Fertilize depending on the type of crop. Nitrogen long leaves and phosphorus long fruit, potassium fertilizer can grow longevity, leafy vegetables such as cabbage, green vegetables, leeks, leeks, etc., topdressing can be mainly nitrogen fertilizer, but fruit vegetables, such as melons, solanaceous fruits, in addition to seedling stage In addition to nitrogen, other elements such as phosphorus and potassium are needed in other periods. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer not only has low utilization rate, but also causes plants to grow in length. As a result, flowering is delayed and yield is reduced. In addition, rhizobium of legumes such as soybeans and peanuts can fix free nitrogen in the air, and can be applied less or not.
5. Fertilization during different growth stages. The germination period mainly uses the nutrients stored in the seeds, and rarely absorbs the soil nutrients. The root system is still underdeveloped at the seedling stage, and the soil nutrients are still not much. If excessive nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the excess nitrogen fertilizer will accumulate in the soil. Nutrient growth and long-term results require a lot of nutrients. It is necessary to fully supply fertilizer, but it is necessary to pay attention to the reasonable combination of various fertilizers. It is not possible to apply nitrogen fertilizer. The production adopts measures such as staged fertilization, blending and blending, fertilization and irrigation to exert the effect of fertilizer and improve its utilization rate.
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