The National Development and Reform Commission recently requested the provinces and cities that have carried out low-carbon pilot work to incorporate local low-carbon pilot programs into the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†economic and social development plan. Following the establishment of carbon emissions exchanges in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Shenzhen, relevant departments in Guangdong, Hebei and Jiangxi expressed their hope to establish a carbon trading platform during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the form of the carbon market in the pilot provinces and cities will come out in the form of a focus. At present, the carbon exchange exchange is mainly built in developed big cities, like Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and some pilot provinces and cities therefore hope to establish a multi-level local carbon exchange. However, some experts believe that this formulation cannot be established from the current situation. "In the current market environment, there can be at most one or two national carbon exchanges. The establishment of local provincial and municipal carbon exchanges cannot form a cross-provincial competition, and it is also related to the central adjustment of local assessment mechanisms. Zhang Yongsheng, a researcher at the Macro Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said in an interview with the China Economic Times that all localities are keen on low-carbon development, but to avoid "green bottled old wine", it is necessary to achieve the goal of developing a green economy through the transformation of development methods. To this end is to take the form. Wei Fengchun, chief macroeconomic analyst of CITIC Jiantou, told the China Economic Times that the establishment of a new carbon exchange in the imperfect provinces and cities of the carbon trading market is useless because the market does not support its growth and will not only promote the carbon trading market. Compete, and waste resources and waste money. In the next two years, the central assessment of local indicators is mainly inflation and affordable housing. Low-carbon development as a long-term development goal, short-term results are not obvious, will not become the main local assessment criteria. At the same time, some experts have raised different views. Zhou Hongchun, a researcher at the Development Research Center of the State Council, said in an interview with the China Economic Times that there is only one or at most two national-level carbon exchanges in the country. The establishment of local low-carbon exchanges will certainly form a competitive relationship, which is conducive to the development of methodologies, including statistics, verification and qualification of carbon emissions. What we need to do is to clarify the functions and business scope of each exchange, to give play to the comparative advantages of the business, and to form a fair, fair and open market. “The future carbon market is very large and more participation is necessary. At the same time, the carbon market and carbon are all national and local differences. Every project of carbon trading requires the participation of third parties and regulators, such as The calculation of trading volume, the development of trading methods, the registration of trading procedures, national recognition, monitoring and tracking of trading credits, and the participation of financial institutions such as banks, securities companies, and insurance companies, thus solving transaction funds and risks." Zhou Hongchun said. Gao Wei, a researcher at the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the establishment of a carbon exchange exchange is an incentive to reduce carbon emissions, but it is not a fundamental measure. As early as 2004, Ma Kai, then the director of the National Development and Reform Commission, proposed a systematic plan for the comprehensive development of circular economy. What is needed now is not to “renovate the sloganâ€, but to implement strong emission reduction measures to achieve emission reduction. effect. "From a big perspective, the current energy-saving emission reductions are still partial to administrative, and the consequences will lead to conflicts between energy conservation and emission reduction and economic development, and there will be phenomena such as power cuts. It should be developed in the direction of market-based energy conservation and emission reduction. Improve resource use efficiency, provide positive incentives for technological innovation and promote low-carbon development," Zhang Yongsheng said. From the domestic point of view, the “main force†of carbon emissions is the power generation industry. In 2010, China's standard coal consumption was 3 billion tons, of which 70% was used for power generation. Gao Wei believes that the most fundamental measures for reducing emissions are to reduce coal consumption, increase the proportion of hydropower and nuclear power through technological transformation, increase the technical content of energy production, reduce unit energy consumption, and improve the level of resource conservation and recycling. Experts pointed out that the biggest problem facing urban development now is how to guide the pilot. Since there are no ready-made models to follow, innovation and exploration are needed. The state should raise its emphasis on emissions inventories and give full consideration to system construction and personnel training. In addition, new energy industries such as new energy vehicles and solar power generation need to improve their research and development capabilities, develop independent intellectual property rights, reduce costs, change the existing industrial division of labor and high-energy, high-pollution production methods, and form their own competitive advantages. "The low-carbon pilot should start from the reality and start from the comparative advantage of the locality to form a new growth model. At the same time, it is necessary to summarize the existing models, find problems, find out the reasons, and constantly try and correct and improve. To achieve optimal development." Zhou Hongchun said.
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