First, the main types of pests and diseases
1. The main diseases are: viral diseases, epidemics, anthrax, scab, bacterial leaf spot, root rot and physiological diseases.
2, the main pests are: sassafras, aphids, whitefly, tobacco budworm, spotted fly and so on.
Second, pollution-free comprehensive prevention and control technology
Adhere to the "prevention of prevention, comprehensive prevention and control", giving priority to the use of agriculture, physics, biological control, and scientific and rational chemical control.
1. Rotation and soil disinfection
Green pepper continuous crops increase the occurrence of various diseases, and can be used for 2-3 years with non-solanaceae vegetables. Protected cultivation can deepen the soil by more than 30 cm in high temperature in summer, and then cover the mulch and continue to expose for 10-15 days. The seedbed can be mixed with 50% carbendazim, 50-80 grams per cubic meter of bed soil, soil disinfection can be used for 50% carbendazim or 75% for 1 kg per 667 square meters. Mix fine soil and then turn over the ground. It is also possible to spray the surface of the wetland with 200 times of formalin for 1 week, and sow or colonize after 2 weeks of release.
2, select resistant varieties
The varieties resistant to and resistant to green pepper virus disease include: Luojiao No. 10, Xiangyan No. 11, Xiangyan No. 16, Zhongjiao No. 4, and Israel's Mecma, Ma'ao, and Lyon.
3. Cultivate disease-free and strong seedlings
(1) Seed treatment. Soak seeds in warm water at 55 °C for 10-15 minutes, pay attention to constant stirring, stop stirring when the water temperature drops to 30 °C, and then soak for 4 hours to prevent fungal diseases; soak seeds in 10% trisodium phosphate solution at room temperature for 20 minutes. After washing, the seeds can be sterilized by immersion and germination to prevent viral diseases; soak seeds with 50% carbendazim 500 times for 2 hours, or use 50% carbendazim WP or 50% thiram WP for 0.4% of seeds. Seed, or 25% metformin WP with 0.3% seed dressing to prevent fungal diseases.
(2) Spring, summer or summer and autumn seedlings cover the insect-repellent net to prevent the mites and white powder mites, and prevent viral diseases.
(3) Sowing at the right time, cultivating strong seedlings, controlling the temperature and humidity of the seedbed, the temperature during the daytime does not exceed 30 °C, and the temperature is not lower than 15 °C at night, pay attention to the ventilation and dehumidification of the seedbed, timely seedlings, and find the diseased plants, immediately remove them, bring out the seedling bed depth Buried and treated the diseased cavity.
4. Implement scientific field management
(1) The sorghum cultivation is carried out in the protected area, and the mulch film is covered, and micro-drip irrigation or sub-film submerged irrigation technology is applied. The protection ground facilities adopt no drip film to strengthen the indoor temperature and humidity control of the shed, timely ventilation, proper control of watering, avoid watering in rainy days, timely draining after watering, and prevent leaf surface condensation to prevent disease occurrence.
(2) Pruning and wiping in time, removing diseased leaves, diseased flowers and diseased fruits in time, removing old leaves that have lost function in the lower part, and improving ventilation and light transmission conditions. After pulling the cockroach, remove the sick body in time, and pay attention to the operation of the farmer to prevent the disease.
(3) The weather in the facility is released in the morning on a sunny day, so that the temperature of the chamber is rapidly increased. When the temperature rises to 30 °C, the air is released again. When the temperature drops to 20 °C, the vent is closed and the temperature is delayed; the minimum temperature at night remains at 12-15 ° C to prevent gray mold.
5, biological control
(1) The yellow plate can be set in the protected area to trap white-spotted mites, mites, and spotted flies, which are yellow-trending pests; the larvae can also be released to control whitefly.
(2) The use of 2% gram gram gram (Ningnanmycin) 200-250 times solution to prevent viral diseases in the early stage of the disease; using 1% agricultural anti-wuyinmycin 150-200 times solution to prevent gray mold in the early stage of the disease.
(3) Using 0.9% worms 4000 times solution to control larvae, cabbage caterpillars, etc., or using 10% Liuyangmycin emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500 times solution, 5% card gram emulsion emulsifiable oil 1000-1500 times solution to prevent scutellaria And Ye Hao.
(4) Use 72% agricultural streptomycin 3000-4000 times liquid or 25% Qingkuling wettable powder 500 times liquid to control bacterial diseases.
6. Chemical control
Because green pepper belongs to the continuous harvesting of vegetable crops, chemical control must be applied strictly according to the safety interval, concentration and application method. To avoid the time of picking and applying medicine, it should be picked first and then applied. Chemical pesticides are strictly prohibited for 7 days before harvesting, and biological agents or natural enemies should be preferred. Try to use different types of pesticides as much as possible to control pests and diseases.
(1) Prevention and treatment of epidemics. After planting, it can be sprayed with 80% mancozeb wettable powder 600 times solution for protection once every 15 days. In the early stage of the disease, 40% Phytophthora WP 250 times solution or 58% metalaxyl Mn-Zn WP 500 times solution, 72% DuPont WP WP solution, 60% Anke Mn-Zn wettability can be sprayed. Powder 1500 times solution, 58% Redolmer WP 800 times solution, etc., interval 7-10 days, 2-3 consecutive times. 45% chlorothalonil can be used in the shed, and 3-4 kg per hectare.
(2) Prevention and treatment of anthrax. In the early stage of the disease, it can spray 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 600-800 times or 80% mancozeb WP 500 times or 50% anthrax WP 400 times or 1:1:200 times. Bordeaux mixture, once every 7-10 days, even spray 2-3 days.
(3) Prevention and control of gray mold. Before transplanting, seedlings were sprayed with 50% keering WP 1500-2000 times or 50% phlegm WP 1500 times. In the early stage of the disease, 50% speed Keling WP 1500-2000 times solution or 50% phlegm WP 1500 times solution and 60% anti-mildew 600 times solution can be used. 50% methyl thiophanate WP 1000 times solution, 28% gray mold WP 1500-600 times solution, 65% moldy mildew WP 800 times solution and other spray control.
(4) Prevention and treatment of viral diseases. Can be used 1.5% phytopathogenic 1000 times solution, 20% virus A wettable powder 500 times solution, 5% toxic water clearing agent 200-300 times solution or potassium permanganate 1000 times solution and love more than 5000 times liquid mixed spray control .
(5) Control of aphids and whitefly. It can be controlled by spraying 2.5% of deltamethrin EC 2500 times, 10% Dagong WP 1000 times or killing 4000 times.
(6) Leafworm control. It can be sprayed with 73% gram of emulsifiable concentrate 2000-2500 times solution, 12.5% ​​Benzin 3000 times solution or 48% lesbian emulsifiable concentrate 600-800 times.
1. The main diseases are: viral diseases, epidemics, anthrax, scab, bacterial leaf spot, root rot and physiological diseases.
2, the main pests are: sassafras, aphids, whitefly, tobacco budworm, spotted fly and so on.
Second, pollution-free comprehensive prevention and control technology
Adhere to the "prevention of prevention, comprehensive prevention and control", giving priority to the use of agriculture, physics, biological control, and scientific and rational chemical control.
1. Rotation and soil disinfection
Green pepper continuous crops increase the occurrence of various diseases, and can be used for 2-3 years with non-solanaceae vegetables. Protected cultivation can deepen the soil by more than 30 cm in high temperature in summer, and then cover the mulch and continue to expose for 10-15 days. The seedbed can be mixed with 50% carbendazim, 50-80 grams per cubic meter of bed soil, soil disinfection can be used for 50% carbendazim or 75% for 1 kg per 667 square meters. Mix fine soil and then turn over the ground. It is also possible to spray the surface of the wetland with 200 times of formalin for 1 week, and sow or colonize after 2 weeks of release.
2, select resistant varieties
The varieties resistant to and resistant to green pepper virus disease include: Luojiao No. 10, Xiangyan No. 11, Xiangyan No. 16, Zhongjiao No. 4, and Israel's Mecma, Ma'ao, and Lyon.
3. Cultivate disease-free and strong seedlings
(1) Seed treatment. Soak seeds in warm water at 55 °C for 10-15 minutes, pay attention to constant stirring, stop stirring when the water temperature drops to 30 °C, and then soak for 4 hours to prevent fungal diseases; soak seeds in 10% trisodium phosphate solution at room temperature for 20 minutes. After washing, the seeds can be sterilized by immersion and germination to prevent viral diseases; soak seeds with 50% carbendazim 500 times for 2 hours, or use 50% carbendazim WP or 50% thiram WP for 0.4% of seeds. Seed, or 25% metformin WP with 0.3% seed dressing to prevent fungal diseases.
(2) Spring, summer or summer and autumn seedlings cover the insect-repellent net to prevent the mites and white powder mites, and prevent viral diseases.
(3) Sowing at the right time, cultivating strong seedlings, controlling the temperature and humidity of the seedbed, the temperature during the daytime does not exceed 30 °C, and the temperature is not lower than 15 °C at night, pay attention to the ventilation and dehumidification of the seedbed, timely seedlings, and find the diseased plants, immediately remove them, bring out the seedling bed depth Buried and treated the diseased cavity.
4. Implement scientific field management
(1) The sorghum cultivation is carried out in the protected area, and the mulch film is covered, and micro-drip irrigation or sub-film submerged irrigation technology is applied. The protection ground facilities adopt no drip film to strengthen the indoor temperature and humidity control of the shed, timely ventilation, proper control of watering, avoid watering in rainy days, timely draining after watering, and prevent leaf surface condensation to prevent disease occurrence.
(2) Pruning and wiping in time, removing diseased leaves, diseased flowers and diseased fruits in time, removing old leaves that have lost function in the lower part, and improving ventilation and light transmission conditions. After pulling the cockroach, remove the sick body in time, and pay attention to the operation of the farmer to prevent the disease.
(3) The weather in the facility is released in the morning on a sunny day, so that the temperature of the chamber is rapidly increased. When the temperature rises to 30 °C, the air is released again. When the temperature drops to 20 °C, the vent is closed and the temperature is delayed; the minimum temperature at night remains at 12-15 ° C to prevent gray mold.
5, biological control
(1) The yellow plate can be set in the protected area to trap white-spotted mites, mites, and spotted flies, which are yellow-trending pests; the larvae can also be released to control whitefly.
(2) The use of 2% gram gram gram (Ningnanmycin) 200-250 times solution to prevent viral diseases in the early stage of the disease; using 1% agricultural anti-wuyinmycin 150-200 times solution to prevent gray mold in the early stage of the disease.
(3) Using 0.9% worms 4000 times solution to control larvae, cabbage caterpillars, etc., or using 10% Liuyangmycin emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500 times solution, 5% card gram emulsion emulsifiable oil 1000-1500 times solution to prevent scutellaria And Ye Hao.
(4) Use 72% agricultural streptomycin 3000-4000 times liquid or 25% Qingkuling wettable powder 500 times liquid to control bacterial diseases.
6. Chemical control
Because green pepper belongs to the continuous harvesting of vegetable crops, chemical control must be applied strictly according to the safety interval, concentration and application method. To avoid the time of picking and applying medicine, it should be picked first and then applied. Chemical pesticides are strictly prohibited for 7 days before harvesting, and biological agents or natural enemies should be preferred. Try to use different types of pesticides as much as possible to control pests and diseases.
(1) Prevention and treatment of epidemics. After planting, it can be sprayed with 80% mancozeb wettable powder 600 times solution for protection once every 15 days. In the early stage of the disease, 40% Phytophthora WP 250 times solution or 58% metalaxyl Mn-Zn WP 500 times solution, 72% DuPont WP WP solution, 60% Anke Mn-Zn wettability can be sprayed. Powder 1500 times solution, 58% Redolmer WP 800 times solution, etc., interval 7-10 days, 2-3 consecutive times. 45% chlorothalonil can be used in the shed, and 3-4 kg per hectare.
(2) Prevention and treatment of anthrax. In the early stage of the disease, it can spray 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 600-800 times or 80% mancozeb WP 500 times or 50% anthrax WP 400 times or 1:1:200 times. Bordeaux mixture, once every 7-10 days, even spray 2-3 days.
(3) Prevention and control of gray mold. Before transplanting, seedlings were sprayed with 50% keering WP 1500-2000 times or 50% phlegm WP 1500 times. In the early stage of the disease, 50% speed Keling WP 1500-2000 times solution or 50% phlegm WP 1500 times solution and 60% anti-mildew 600 times solution can be used. 50% methyl thiophanate WP 1000 times solution, 28% gray mold WP 1500-600 times solution, 65% moldy mildew WP 800 times solution and other spray control.
(4) Prevention and treatment of viral diseases. Can be used 1.5% phytopathogenic 1000 times solution, 20% virus A wettable powder 500 times solution, 5% toxic water clearing agent 200-300 times solution or potassium permanganate 1000 times solution and love more than 5000 times liquid mixed spray control .
(5) Control of aphids and whitefly. It can be controlled by spraying 2.5% of deltamethrin EC 2500 times, 10% Dagong WP 1000 times or killing 4000 times.
(6) Leafworm control. It can be sprayed with 73% gram of emulsifiable concentrate 2000-2500 times solution, 12.5% ​​Benzin 3000 times solution or 48% lesbian emulsifiable concentrate 600-800 times.
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