Calcium and phosphorus account for about 1/3 of all minerals in pigs. The higher content is the material basis for determining the important physiological functions of calcium and phosphorus. About 99% of calcium and 90% of phosphorus are present in the bones of pigs. The bone inorganic matrix consists of calcium and phosphorus [hydroxyapatite Ca3(PO4)2?2H2O, Ca3(PO4)2, CaCO3] The bone organic matrix (collagen, non-collagen proteins such as proteoglycans and osteonectin), bone stromal cells, and interstitial fluids together form all the bones of the pig to achieve weight support and exercise with the muscles. . Although the amount of calcium distributed in body fluids is small, it plays an important role in maintaining the normal physiological functions of the body. Calcium in extracellular fluid can reduce the excitability of nerves and muscles, reduce the permeability of capillaries, maintain normal bone and meat contraction, maintain normal conduction of nerve impulses, and participate in normal blood coagulation. Phosphorus other than bone participates in the structural substances that constitute living cells, participates in the synthesis and degradation of organic compounds (sugar, fat, protein), and participates in energy release, storage and utilization in the form of high-energy phosphate compounds (ATP, ADP). The form of HPO4- participates in the regulation of the acid and base balance of body fluids.
The content and distribution of calcium and phosphorus in pigs are affected by various factors such as age, body weight and physiological condition. However, calcium and phosphorus are essential bio-inorganic elements in the body, and the content in tissues and organs in the body is relatively constant.
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