1. Skillful application of flower fertilizer
The flowering and pod-forming period is the period in which soybeans absorb the most in their lifetime. The application of flower fertilizer to meet their demand for nutrients can increase production by more than 15%. Fertilization method: In the early flowering stage of soybean (the early growth of the potential difference, the prolonged growth), the 3-5 kg ​​of urea per acre is diluted with water and applied to the hole. If the soil is fertile and the plant grows robustly, it should be applied less or not, so as not to cause the plants to grow wild, causing lodging or increasing the loss of the pods. In combination with the application of nitrogen fertilizer at the flowering stage, the foliage is sprayed with phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and micro-fertilizers such as boron and molybdenum, which have a very good yield-increasing effect. Generally spray about 2 times, each time with 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 grams of ammonium molybdate, 100 grams of borax per acre (first dissolve a small amount of warm water with ammonium molybdate and borax), add 50 kg of water to dilute and evenly Spray on the front and back of the plant and leaves.
2. Drought resistance
Soybean flower pods require large amounts of water. In this period, they are particularly sensitive to water. In the case of drought, if the leaves are found to have wilting at noon, they should be flooded and drought-resistant in time. However, irrigation should not be flooded with large water, otherwise it will easily cause the roots to suffocate and rot, soil compaction, and cause cracks in the soil after drying, damage the root system, and cause the plants to fall. The irrigation method is better with furrow irrigation, and the small water furrow can be moistened into the soil.
Because of the poor resistance of soybeans to water stains, they are also afraid of waterlogging. When there is too much rain in the flower pod period, if the drainage is poor, the soil moisture will be saturated for a long time, and a large number of flower pods will fall off. Therefore, when there is more rain in the soybean flower pod period, attention should be paid to clearing the ditch in time to reduce the groundwater level and prevent waterlogging.
3. Applied hormone
The application of plant growth regulators to control plant height, to prevent the growth of the length of the plant, to regulate metabolism, should reduce the effective measures of soybean falling and falling, and has a significant effect of increasing yield.
(1) Paclobutrazol: It can control the height of soybean plants, shorten the internode length, increase the number of branches and pods, and the number of grains per plant, increase the seed setting rate, and promote the formation of top pods, which can increase yield by more than 12%. The suitable concentration is 0.01%-0.02%, the spring soybean should be low, the summer soybean is slightly higher; the growth is generally low, and the growth is slightly higher. Use 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder per acre 50-100g, add 75g of water and dilute it, spray it evenly on the front and back of the blade about 5 days before the initial flowering and 7 days after the initial flowering. Good growth should be used early, and normal growth should be used late.
(2) Sodium bisulfite: It is a photorespiration inhibitor. It can reduce the photorespiration consumption on soybeans. The effect of preserving the pods is good, and the yield can be increased by more than 10%. Usage: Spray once in the initial flowering stage and full bloom stage of soybean, use 10 g of sodium bisulfite per acre, and dilute with 50-75 kg of water, and choose to spray when the afternoon sun is not too strong. It is also possible to use photosynthetic micro-fertilizer in combination with spray micro-fertilizer, and use 100 grams per acre.
4. Prevention and control of pests and diseases
Soybean flower pods, such as high temperature and humidity, poor ventilation and light transmission in the field, are prone to pests such as pea pods, bean moth, downy mildew, ring disease, purple spot and spotted disease; It is prone to mites. It is necessary to pay close attention to the occurrence dynamics of various pests and diseases and prevent them in time.
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