For decades, "Moore's Law" has been the "golden rule" of the chip manufacturing industry - when the price is not changed, the number of components that can be accommodated on integrated circuits will double every 18-24 months. Performance will also double. However, as nanotechnology approaches the limit of single atom, the development speed of the chip industry has slowed down in recent years. The good news is that the researchers at Cambridge and Warwick University have already jumped straight to the "end of logic" -- reducing the wire to the width of a monoatomic string!
In fact, in the three-dimensional (3D) world, there is no pure one-dimensional (1D) or two-dimensional (2D) material. Even if it is a piece of thin paper, it is thick, but in order to simplify thinking, we can think of graphene as a monolayer material only length and width.
This "one-dimensional study of nanowires" concept, and two-dimensional graphene materials have in common. It is made of niobium and is only one atom wide. However, due to stability considerations, researchers still "encumbered" it in carbon nanotubes.
However, this single-atom microscopic scale also brings some problems, such as the atom often deduces behavior that is inconsistent with the scientist's imagination. In addition to the lack of structural constraints, one-dimensional materials are easily decomposed.
The paper was written by Paulo Medeiros:
When dealing with such a tiny material, it is usually necessary to place it on a surface. But the problem is that these surfaces are usually reactive.
The good news is that carbon nanotubes are chemically inert and not only fix this one-dimensional structure but also do not affect its electrical conductivity.
However, this is only the beginning of our systematic understanding of the physical and chemical properties of one-dimensional materials. There are still many basic physics knowledge that are waiting for us to uncover.
In addition, the team also found that by changing the diameter of the nanotubes, they were able to control other properties of the crucible. Typically, this element is a semiconductor. But under strictly limited conditions, it behaves more like a metal.
Manufacturing these kinds of wires helps to further reduce the loss of electronic circuits and inject more powerful performance into mobile devices such as mobile phones and wearables. For further details on this study, please also refer to the recently published ACS Nano journal of the American Chemical Society.
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