According to a report from the Siberian website of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the joint scientific research team of the Institute of Solid Chemistry and Mechanochemistry and the "Altai" Federal Scientific Production Center conducted a series of polymer modification experiments using accelerator irradiation to improve the solid fuel of rocket engines. Features. Experiments show that irradiation treatment can not only shorten the polymer vulcanization time by 30%, improve the production efficiency of solid fuel, but also improve the performance of solid fuel. Related results were published in the academic journal "Sustainable Chemistry".
In the production of solid fuel for rocket engines, the polymer acts as a binder. Solid fuel is similar to bread with raisins, except that in this case the polymer is bread, and the fuel's explosives and other fuel ingredients are raisins. The preparation of solid fuel is similar to bakery bakery bread, the dissolved polymer with particles of explosives and other ingredients is poured into a special mold for setting, and then the polymer is vulcanized (stitched). This process takes several days, and Special triggers and high temperatures are required. However, stratification or sedimentation often occurs during the vulcanization process, which destroys the uniformity of the distribution of explosive particles in the solid fuel, resulting in a sharp deterioration of the fuel index.
The scientific research team conducted a series of irradiation tests on polymer samples using industrial accelerators developed and manufactured by the Institute of Nuclear Physics. Because the radiation cuts off the chemical bonds inside the polymer macromolecules, a large number of groups with free bonds are formed in the polymer, so the molecules can be "stitched" with each other through re-reaction. This discovery not only improves the uniformity of the distribution of explosive particles in the polymer, but also increases the speed of the vulcanization process by 30%.
Irradiation modification treatment of polymers is a relatively mature technology. As early as the 1920s, irradiation technology has been used to treat automobile tire rubber to shorten the vulcanization treatment time. Now the technology has been widely used in various fields of industrial production .
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