Technical guidance for summer maize classification management in Huanghuaihai area
From mid-May to mid-June, most areas of the Huang-Huai-Hai area have less precipitation, higher temperatures, and faster soil loss. In some areas, especially in hilly areas where there is no irrigation condition and sowing by the sky, the soil drought is heavy. It adversely affects the sowing and emergence of summer corn. Recently, a large range of effective precipitation has occurred in the Huang-Huai-Hai area, which has largely alleviated the current drought. "Spring fights for the day, summer fights." All localities should seize the favorable opportunity to improve their sensation and rush to sow the area. At the same time, aiming at the complex situation of summer maize seedlings in Huanghuaihai area, strengthen the classification guidance, implement the combination of promotion and control, to ensure the reasonable seedling density, improve the group uniformity and grain maturity, and implement the field management due to the cause of seedlings. Measures to set up a shelf for abundance.
(1) Un-broadcast plots, sowed when the rain rushed.
For the plots that have not been planted due to drought, it is necessary to take the time-grazing planting as the current primary task, and seize the favorable opportunity of more recent precipitation and obvious improvement of soil moisture, speed up the planting progress, and strive to plant in the suitable sowing period. For plots with delayed sowing date, the variety structure should be actively adjusted, and high-yield and early-maturing varieties with short growth period and suitable maturity should be scientifically selected, and the amount of seedlings should be appropriately increased to ensure sufficient seedling number and reasonable population density.
(2) The land that has been planted but not planted, pay close attention to soil moisture, and implement pre-emergence pest control measures.
First, for plots with poor soil moisture before sowing, the soil moisture changes after rain should be reviewed and monitored in time. If the moisture is still insufficient, the “Mengtou Water†should be replenished in time to ensure normal seed germination and emergence, and a seeding is achieved. Whole seedlings. The second is to spray the closed herbicide in time before the seedling, and strictly apply the dosage to achieve uniform spraying, no heavy spray or leaking spray. After the soil is closed and weeded, it is not advisable to move the soil in the short term. For plots that have not been blocked by herbicides in a timely manner, herbicides suitable for post-emergence stem and leaf treatment can be used for weeding in the maize seedling stage. The third is to actively prevent the two-pointed moth, which can remove the wheat straw and wheat bran in time after the sowing, revealing the seeding ditch, or chemical spraying or seeding and sexual attraction before the sowing, to kill the adult on the straw. , eggs and young larvae.
(3) The seedlings have been emerged, and early management, early promotion, weakening and strengthening, and improving group uniformity.
Strengthen field management, promote early management, promote the root system and plant growth, and accelerate the birth process. First, early investigation of seedlings, for the lack of seedlings and ridges can be used to replant early-maturing varieties, soaking seeds and germination or soil thickening to make up the basic seedlings. It is required to first transfer the marry water with soil and transplant the seedlings, transplant the plants in the evening, pour the root water after planting, and then add water according to the weather. The second is to time the seedlings, set the seedlings, and do the weak to stay strong, go to the small stay, go to the sick and stay healthy. When seedlings are not required, the seedlings are not required to stay in the seedlings. In case of individual seedlings, the two plants can be kept nearby, and the remaining corn plants are ensured to be robust and uniform, to improve the uniformity of the population and to ensure a reasonable density. The third is to plant the soil deeper, no fertilizer applied at the time of sowing, and because the dry seedlings are weak, the seedlings are not uniform, and the uniformity is poor, the early application of the seedling fertilizer, and the appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to facilitate the weak Tough. Deep application of seedlings and fertilizers should be carried out to avoid surface application without effective rainfall. The amount of fertilizer applied can be determined according to soil fertility, yield level and fertilizer nutrient content. Fourth, the corn seedling period is relatively drought-tolerant and fearful. If there is rain in the field, it should be drained in time to prevent buds and nurseries. The fifth is to actively control the seedling pests and diseases of the two-pointed moth, rough disease, thrips, armyworm, and cotton bollworm.
(4) Interplanting plots to promote and manage finely.
There is also a certain area of ​​interplanting corn in the Huanghuaihai summer corn area. The summer wheat is planted according to the sensation before the wheat harvest, the emergence condition is better, the seedling age is larger, but because of the symbiotic period with wheat, the growth and development of the seedling will be affected, especially affecting the uniformity of the group, while some pests and diseases are sticky. Insects, rough diseases, etc. are prone to occur. Field management should be based on promotion, focusing on the following links: First, time and seedlings, seedlings, and early seedlings. It is necessary to pay attention to the weak and strong, and the double seedlings can be left in the lack of seedlings to ensure the uniform size of the seedlings. According to the variety density requirements and soil fertility, etc., the seedling density should be appropriately increased. The second is to apply the seedling fertilizer early. Due to sowing before wheat harvest, soil nutrients, especially nitrogen fertilizer, are often insufficiently supplied, affecting seedling growth and development, and seedlings are weak. After fixing the seedlings, it is necessary to catch up with the seedling fertilizer as early as possible, promote roots and strong seedlings, speed up the transformation and upgrading of weak seedlings, and improve the overall degree of the group. The third is to prevent and control seedling pests and diseases at an early stage. After the wheat is harvested, the pests such as armyworm, gray planthopper, thrips, and aphids are concentrated on the corn seedlings, and the seedling stage is the disease-prone period of rough disease and dwarf mosaic disease. Chemical spray control should be carried out in time.
In addition, according to the changes in weather and public opinion, as well as the dynamics of summer maize growth and development, it is necessary to timely implement technical measures such as drought-resistant and flood control, cultivating and weeding, chemical control and anti-falling, scientific topdressing, and prevention and control of diseases and insects to ensure the high yield of summer corn.
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