As the weather turns cold, vegetable production is transferred to greenhouses. How to increase the vegetable output in greenhouses and increase economic benefits? Vegetable farmers can manage with the following aspects:
Thoroughly clean up the greenhouse vegetable garden, do a good job in the disinfection of garden soil. Because of the continuous number of continuous cropping, the disease is more serious. Therefore, before the cultivation, the dead leaves of the former scallions must be thoroughly cleaned outside the shed, and then the chemical is used. soil thoroughly disinfected, so you can kill the bacteria spread by soil diseases, reduce morbidity. The disinfection method is: sterilizing 3 to 5 grams of carbendazim powder per square meter of garden soil or 300 grams of Aussie methanol.
Improve the greenhouse structure, improve the greenhouse temperature control capacity, thicken the back wall of the greenhouse to 120 cm, and the outside of the back wall in winter, relying on a layer of 30~40 cm thick corn stover; covering the blue without drip film, reducing the water droplets in the greenhouse formation amount, enhanced ability to transmit light, in order to facilitate the increased room temperature; with double insulation measures. Add a layer of mulch or set up a small arch shed in the greenhouse. This will increase the ground temperature by 2 °C. Set the reflective film. A reflective film is arranged in the low light area on the north side of the shed, which can obviously enhance the illumination on the north side of the shed and increase the ground temperature by 1.5 °C ~ 3 °C.
Fine land preparation, apply 5~6 squares of decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer per 667 square meters of greenhouse greenhouse before applying the bottom fertilizer to the ground, and then apply 40 kg of diammonium , 20 kg of potassium sulfate , and then use the iron shovel to turn 25 cm deep . The fertilizer is turned into the soil, and the soil is flattened to make the soil reach the standard of deep, flat and fine.
Reasonably arrange the sputum, improve the multiple cropping index according to the different fertility characteristics of different vegetables, select the appropriate variety, arrange the sputum reasonably, adopt multiple forms of planting, intercropping, three-dimensional cultivation and other forms to improve the multiple cropping index. Fully increase land utilization and output rate. Vegetable varieties planted in addition to the greenhouse according to the market to determine, targeting the market gap, Shiyibuque, and more upscale development of fine vegetables and vegetables. Maximize both economic and social benefits
The selection of suitable varieties for greenhouse cultivation uses plastic greenhouses to cultivate vegetables, and the requirements for varieties are strict. For winter-cultivated greenhouse cultivation of cucumber, it is necessary to use low temperature and low light resistant varieties. Such as Changchun Mia, Xintai Mia , Luhuang No. 4, 87-2, etc.; spring-type plastic greenhouse cultivation of winter and spring vegetables, to use the early stage can withstand low temperature, low light, early maturity, can adapt to high temperature environment, disease resistance High-yield varieties. Greenhouse autumn delayed planting, to use the pre-high temperature, and the results are more concentrated vegetable varieties.
Application of plant growth regulators, simultaneous artificial pollination of solanaceous vegetables under low temperature and no insect pollination conditions, most can not be pollinated and solid, so after the flowering of solanaceous and legume vegetables, timely application of plant hormones, such as 2 , 4 -D- butyl ester, anti-fallin and other silk flowers, capsules can increase the fruit setting rate, prevent falling flowers and fruit, promote fruit expansion, accelerate fruit ripening, and effectively increase yield.
Control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, strictly prevent ammonia damage According to the determination, the concentration of ammonia in the air exceeds 5PPm , which will lead to necrosis of stems and leaves of vegetables. Therefore, the cultivation of vegetables in the greenhouse should control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, watering in time after fertilization, and the fertilizer should be applied deep in the soil, pay attention to timely opening the window to change the gas, to prevent ammonia hazard. Â Â Â Foliar spray fertilizer, promote the increase of production and income in the seedling stage, sprayed on the vegetable leaf surface with 1% urea solution, can promote early hair, in the flowering period, spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, can supplement phosphorus and potassium elements, improve Fruit quality, increase production.
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