Reasons for weak seedlings of yellow seedlings After harvesting corn, the straw is directly returned to the field to grow wheat, which not only conforms to the law of circular agriculture, but also improves the sustainable production capacity of the land. However, if the whole set of operation techniques from corn returning to wheat can not be put in place according to the standardization requirements, various problems may occur. First, it is hindering the emergence and seedlings of the main wheat; if the farmland soil conservation measures can not keep up, It will also accelerate the loss of “green water†in the ploughed soil, which is detrimental to the high yield of winter wheat. It can be said that the problem of uneven emergence and yellowing of this part of the wheat field is caused by the non-standard operation of straw returning to the field, which is caused by the poor quality of wheat sowing.
Remedial measures After the rain and snow, grasp the protection measures of the wheat fields to prevent the wheat fields from running, as long as the "green water" in the two-meter deep soil is preserved and stored, it will lay the foundation for the spring drought. The principle of dry suppression and wetness can be adopted. The dry wheat fields in the high places should be poured with appropriate amount of frozen water, and the low-lying wheat fields should be loosened in time after rain and snow.
In the state of weakness and low tillering, the wheat seedlings will enter the hibernation state in advance. Before winter, the wheat seedlings will be covered with rain and snow, will not be frozen and drought, and will also be subjected to appropriate low temperature (refer to 1 °C ~ 5 °C). Sexual exercise is beneficial to weak wheat seedlings to enhance resistance to strong seedling transformation.
After the straw is ploughed, the base fertilizer is still applied in a constant amount of wheat, and additional accelerated nitrogen fertilizer is needed. Urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium chloride ditch is applied to the soil before freezing or early spring.
In the coming year, it is suggested that in order to avoid problems such as poor emergence of seedlings and yellowing of wheat seedlings caused by straw returning to the next year, the following recommendations should be made for straw direct returning technology:
First, the amount of straw to be returned should be moderate. Calculate the dried straw, generally not more than 1000 kg/mu per mu. Excessive straw can affect the quality of the sowing. When using straw to return to the field in the paddy field, it is also necessary to prevent the organic acid produced in the decomposition process of the straw from being poisoned to the root system.
Secondly, the straw should be chopped with sufficient horsepower, the length should not exceed 10 cm, and the depth of ploughing into the soil should be less than 15 cm. The covering soil should be tightly covered and suppressed, which can accelerate the decomposition of straw without affecting the seeding and emergence.
Third, the direct return of straw to the field needs to supplement the accelerated nitrogen fertilizer. When wheat, corn and rice are directly returned to the field, according to the air-dried straw, 3~5 kg of pure nitrogen should be added per 100 kg of straw to adjust the C/N ratio to meet the soil absorption process during the process of microbial decomposition of straw. Fast-acting nitrogen. If these quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers are not supplemented, the microorganisms will use the nitrogen applied to the seedlings, causing the seedlings to be deficient in nitrogen, causing yellow seedling problems and affecting the normal growth of the seedlings.
Fourth, turn over time and moisture management. It can be ploughed while harvesting, using more water when harvesting, and timely ploughing is conducive to decomposing. Soil moisture status is an important factor in determining the rate of decomposing wheat straw. In the water management, if the soil moisture is poor, it should be immediately irrigated after ploughing; and if the sensation is good, it should be kept under pressure to promote the soil compaction, in order to facilitate the water absorption and decomposition of the straw.
Remedial measures After the rain and snow, grasp the protection measures of the wheat fields to prevent the wheat fields from running, as long as the "green water" in the two-meter deep soil is preserved and stored, it will lay the foundation for the spring drought. The principle of dry suppression and wetness can be adopted. The dry wheat fields in the high places should be poured with appropriate amount of frozen water, and the low-lying wheat fields should be loosened in time after rain and snow.
In the state of weakness and low tillering, the wheat seedlings will enter the hibernation state in advance. Before winter, the wheat seedlings will be covered with rain and snow, will not be frozen and drought, and will also be subjected to appropriate low temperature (refer to 1 °C ~ 5 °C). Sexual exercise is beneficial to weak wheat seedlings to enhance resistance to strong seedling transformation.
After the straw is ploughed, the base fertilizer is still applied in a constant amount of wheat, and additional accelerated nitrogen fertilizer is needed. Urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium chloride ditch is applied to the soil before freezing or early spring.
In the coming year, it is suggested that in order to avoid problems such as poor emergence of seedlings and yellowing of wheat seedlings caused by straw returning to the next year, the following recommendations should be made for straw direct returning technology:
First, the amount of straw to be returned should be moderate. Calculate the dried straw, generally not more than 1000 kg/mu per mu. Excessive straw can affect the quality of the sowing. When using straw to return to the field in the paddy field, it is also necessary to prevent the organic acid produced in the decomposition process of the straw from being poisoned to the root system.
Secondly, the straw should be chopped with sufficient horsepower, the length should not exceed 10 cm, and the depth of ploughing into the soil should be less than 15 cm. The covering soil should be tightly covered and suppressed, which can accelerate the decomposition of straw without affecting the seeding and emergence.
Third, the direct return of straw to the field needs to supplement the accelerated nitrogen fertilizer. When wheat, corn and rice are directly returned to the field, according to the air-dried straw, 3~5 kg of pure nitrogen should be added per 100 kg of straw to adjust the C/N ratio to meet the soil absorption process during the process of microbial decomposition of straw. Fast-acting nitrogen. If these quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers are not supplemented, the microorganisms will use the nitrogen applied to the seedlings, causing the seedlings to be deficient in nitrogen, causing yellow seedling problems and affecting the normal growth of the seedlings.
Fourth, turn over time and moisture management. It can be ploughed while harvesting, using more water when harvesting, and timely ploughing is conducive to decomposing. Soil moisture status is an important factor in determining the rate of decomposing wheat straw. In the water management, if the soil moisture is poor, it should be immediately irrigated after ploughing; and if the sensation is good, it should be kept under pressure to promote the soil compaction, in order to facilitate the water absorption and decomposition of the straw.
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