1. Problems in fertilization and fertilization principles The following fertilization principles are proposed for the application of less organic fertilizers in lettuce production, the blind application of nitrogen fertilizers, the insufficient application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and the unreasonable fertilization period and methods:
(1) Adding organic fertilizer, controlling nitrogen fertilizer, and increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizer;
(2) The method of fertilizer distribution is based on the combination of base and chasing. Topdressing is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, and rational application of potassium fertilizer;
(3) For acidified vegetable gardens, acid soil conditioners such as lime should be applied in an appropriate amount;
(4) Fertilization combined with high-quality cultivation techniques, especially water management, to improve the efficiency of fertilizer and water use.
2. Fertilization amount and method (1) The base fertilizer is applied once to 1000-1500 kg/mu of decomposed farmyard manure.
(2) The production level is more than 3,500 kg/mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 16 to 18 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 7 to 9 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 8 to 10 kg/mu.
(3) The production level is 2,500-3,500 kg/mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 14 to 16 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 5 to 6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer (K2O) 6 to 8 kg/mu.
(4) The production level is 1500～2500 kg/mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 12～14 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 4～5 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 5～6 kg/mu.
The acid resistance of lettuce is very poor. When the soil pH of the vegetable garden in the south is less than 5, 150-200 kg of quicklime is applied per acre. Nitrogen fertilizers are all topdressed, according to 20%, 30% and 50% in the transplanting and returning stage, rosette stage and early stage of rapid growth, three times of application, potassium fertilizer 40% ~ 50% base application, the rest in the rosette period and early rapid growth After two times of application, the phosphate fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer or acupoint application.
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