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Rolling bearing on machine tools
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The spindle bearing is used as the base supporting part of the machine tool; its function directly affects the rotation speed, reverse precision, rigidity, anti-shake oscillation cutting function, noise, temperature rise and thermal deformation of the machine tool; thus affecting the precision and surface quality of the machined parts. Therefore, high-performance machine tools are necessary to use high-performance bearings.
The precision of the rolling bearing is usually divided into five grades: P0, P6, P5, P4 and P2; the bearing precision for the fine machine tool spindle should be P5 and above; and the high-speed, high-precision machine tool for CNC machine tools and machining intermediates. Spindle support; P4 and above superfine bearings are required.
Spindle bearings for machine tools usually include six types of layout: deep groove ball bearings, angular touch ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, two-way thrust angle touch ball bearings, tapered roller bearings and thrust bearings.
With the rapid development of numerical control technology; "composite, high-speed, intelligent, fine, environmentally friendly" has become the primary trend of the development of today's machine tool industry. In the meantime, high-speed machining can effectively improve the machining power of the machine tool and shorten the processing cycle of the workpiece. It is necessary to use the machine tool spindle and its related components to be accustomed to the need of high-speed machining. Currently, CNC machine tool spindle bearings are basically limited to four kinds of layouts: angular touch ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, two-way thrust angle touch ball bearings and tapered roller bearings. Types of.
Accompanied by the high-speed development of the main axis of CNC machine tools; ceramic materials (primarily referred to as Si3N4 engineering ceramics) have excellent functions such as low density, high modulus of elasticity, small thermal expansion coefficient, wear resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance; The ambition of fine bearings. Ceramic bearings are more and more widely used; in view of the difficult processing of ceramic materials; fine ceramic bearings are mostly ceramic ceramics, inner casing rings are still made of chrome steel mixed ceramic ball bearings.
The ball screw pair is used as a fine, efficient and active transmission component; in addition to the high-precision screw, nut and ball, it should also be used to select bearings with high axial stiffness, low collision torque and high working precision. Ball screw Supporting common bidirectional thrust angle contact ball bearings, tapered roller bearings, needle roller and thrust roller combined bearings, deep groove ball bearings and thrust ball bearings, etc. Currently; the most suitable ball screw support is 60° touch angle Single row thrust angle touch ball bearings; and; accuracy grade is also based on P4 and above.
The machine tool is equipped with a tumble bearing mounted on a common drive shaft; its needs and selection are the same as those of a general mechanical transmission bearing; only the required strength and life expectancy are required; the rotation speed does not exceed the regular bearing limit rotation speed.
Under normal circumstances; the machine tool bearings we refer to refer to the machine tool spindle bearings and ball screw bearings; the fine machine tool bearings refer to the spindle bearings and screw bearings with the accuracy of P5 and above.
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