Research on high-yield fertilization of spring tea after cold winter —— Xiong Hongwu, chief engineer of Hubei Jixiang Formula Fertilizer Industry I. Spring tea market after cold winter In the cold winter of the south in 2008, the southern tea was affected by a large area. According to incomplete statistics, 1/5 of the tea trees reach Grade 5 frostbite, and 2/5 of the tea trees are difficult to recover quickly in the conventional planting technique, so the experts are very conservative: the spring tea is reduced by 1/4. Most experts believe that the spring tea market in 2008 is a low-yield, high-priced market. Low production is due to reduced production. The high price is to reduce production, especially because of the difficulty of recovery, so that Mingqian tea is reduced by more than 40%; second, cold winter kills a large number of pests and diseases, greatly improving the soil organic vitality, so that the tea trunk material content is increased by more than 20%, in quality Under the conditions of large increase and large drop in output, the price of spring tea should increase by at least 10%, especially for high-end Mingqian tea.
Second, the tea tree after the cold winter can not really produce high yield?
Experts' judgments are based on the growth characteristics of tea trees and the existing tea planting techniques.
(1) From the characteristics of tea tree growth: tea trees are medium and shallow root crops, and they are afraid of low temperature than deep root crops such as citrus. The capillary roots are 70% grown in the 2-10 cm soil layer, while the citrus is grown in the 20-45 cm soil layer. When the local table temperature is -3 degrees, the soil temperature above 10cm is below -2 degrees, and the probability of freezing death of tea tree roots is more than 30%; when the local table temperature is 0 degrees, the soil temperature above 10cm is about 2 degrees, the capillary of tea tree The root is in a dormant state; when the local surface temperature is 3 degrees, the soil temperature above 10 cm is about 5 degrees, and the capillary root of the tea tree is in a semi-dormant state; when the local table temperature is higher than 10 degrees -18 degrees, the soil temperature above 10 cm is 12-19. Within the degree, the capillary roots of the tea tree began to recover, taking more than 20 kinds of minerals, especially the chlorophyll-transformed proteases were the most concentrated on the young leaves, making the tea before the Ming Dynasty became the top of the high-end tea; the local temperature exceeded 20- At 30 degrees, the soil temperature above 10cm is within 21-33 degrees, and the capillary root of tea tree is in the best nutrient absorption state. Under this temperature condition, the tea tree grows best, and more than 40 kinds of minerals are tender. The aggregation on the leaf is the only condition for spring tea to overcome summer and autumn tea; when the local table temperature is higher than 30 degrees, the soil temperature above 10 cm is above 33 degrees, and the capillary root of tea tree is in a state of hyperactivity, which is the conversion of tea tree light energy. highest At this time, tea yield and quality are the highest, but it is also very easy to age. It is the physiological characteristics of tea trees that make experts judge: after the temperature below -3 degrees for more than 15 days, during the period of spring equinox-clearing, the average daily accumulated temperature of the surface temperature reaches 15 degrees or more, because the temperature difference between day and night is more than 5 degrees and The repairing ability of the capillary root itself determines that the tea tree recovers by self-repairing ability. It needs to be clear, and the tea tree can be restored. The tea season has passed, so the spring tea market is postponed for 10 days.
(2) From the existing planting technology of tea trees: Although the tea tree technology in China has been greatly improved, it is still below the international advanced level in general, and it is basically in the backward traditional planting technology. China's tea-growing technology, heavy output is not heavy quality; heavy processing, not heavy fresh leaf content. In the period of tea development in the past five years, it only reflects the increase in production and packaging; the value of tea is multiplied by processing, packaging and marketing, not by the quality of the tea itself. In the cold winter, the traditional planting techniques that do not pay attention to the dry matter content of tea trees show their own shortcomings. After the spring equinox, a large number of frozen tea trees rely on the nutrition of three-element granular fertilizer and farmyard manure, and it is impossible to restore tea trees. The function of capillary roots. Because: First, our current planting technology is based on the application of three elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) based fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing of urea and single element micro-fertilizer; tea garden management and pest control, supplemented by picking and pruning . Second, our tea farm has not become a real tea farm. It is mainly used for processing fresh leaves from farmers. Kungfu is used in the processing, packaging and sales of tea. It does not form a sense of creating high-quality tea, so there is no quality for farmers as a whole. It is required that in this environment, the farmers are of course as simple as possible, and they lose the source of improving planting techniques.
The expert's judgment is based on the above two aspects, of course correct. Under such a good market condition, we really have to be high-yield after the cold winter, spring tea, especially the tea before tomorrow? The answer is: technology makes it possible.
Third, the scientific basis for the production and production increase of the tea before the Ming Dynasty After the cold winter, the scientific basis for the increase of spring tea, especially the tea before the Ming Dynasty, is:
(1) There is a daily accumulated temperature of 15 degrees or more for 15 days, which is a prerequisite for high yield.
According to Hubei meteorological data: the average temperature in Hubei in March is 8-13 degrees. In March 2007, the main tea producing area is 10-11.4 degrees, and the temperature in late is as high as 30 degrees. From 2007 to April 1-4, the average temperature is below 12 degrees, the extreme temperature is 0.5-7 degrees (cold wave), and the average temperature in April is 13.2-17.5 degrees. The average temperature in March-April 2007 was between 0.2 and 1.9 degrees higher than the historical one. According to the data calculation: during the 15-day period of the 2008-Qingming tea-clearing period (March 20th - April 4th), the average temperature of the spring period of the Qing Dynasty (March 20th - April 4th) decreased by 6 degrees in the second quarter of March 2007. Between 17-26 degrees, April 1-4 is between 0-5 degrees. Calculated according to the lowest light energy conversion coefficient of tea tree 0.10, the temperature can ensure that the tea tree produces 500 kilograms of fresh leaves per mu, and the X40% light energy coefficient utilization rate, it is concluded that the main tea area in Hubei has the possibility of producing fresh leaves of 200 kg/mu or more. The year is the same as the warm winter production in previous years. Take Hubei temperature as an example, because Hubei is the highest southern tea area and the northernmost tea area. Since Hubei has the possibility of guaranteeing production and increasing production, under the premise of temperature guarantee, the production and production increase of Mingqian tea in other southern provinces is naturally possible.
(2) The growth characteristics of tea trees ensure the possibility of pre-Qing tea production and production increase.
The tea tree is a perennial hi-yellow wet eutrophic plant. Its physiological characteristics are: relying on capillary roots to absorb inorganic minerals from the soil, relying on leaves to absorb more than 85% of the tree's carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and other minerals below 15% (mainly 14 kinds: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium , calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, molybdenum, iron, zinc, copper, aluminum, boron), and obtain energy; then through the leaf surface for light energy conversion, the conversion rate is between 0.15-5.5. The conversion process is: the capillary root transports the obtained energy (mineral material) to the branch of the stem of the tree, and then the nitrogen and iron, copper and zinc-based minerals are transported to the leaf surface by the branch, and pass through the leaf surface. Photosynthesis produces chlorophyll, which is then returned to the branch and converted to protease. Protease is the gastric juice of tea tree, which converts up to 40 other minerals and light for energy conversion, so tea tree uses roots and leaves to acquire and transform energy. However, the two systems of root system and foliar system account for the ratio of mineral absorption. The author did not find the information, and it can only be tentatively determined by the concept of vagueness.
In order to study the absorption characteristics of tea trees, the author has specially done capillary root test (the following are surface temperatures):
1. In the autumn, the capillary roots are broken. In the early spring, the average temperature is above 10 degrees, and the natural recovery begins. When the daily temperature reaches 13-20 degrees, the natural recovery takes 15-20 days. In summer (the monthly average temperature is above 35 degrees), naturally. Recovery takes only 12 days.
2. In autumn, urea, compound fertilizer and farmyard root application have no obvious effect on capillary root growth. Spraying urea leaves on spring leaves can be 1-3 days in advance; spraying with compound fertilizer leaves can be advanced in spring equinox. 2-5 days.
3, in the autumn with full-effect water-soluble fertilizer (including 13 elements provided by artificial energy) sprayed by 1:15 times liquid leaf surface, one acre 5L / pot, after spring equinox can be 4-9 days in advance.
After three days and one slice microscope to observe the results of the comparison test, it was found that the effect of the capillary roots of tea trees and the leaf surface of tea leaves are as follows:
1. When the capillary root is restored, the leaf surface is the aggregated leaf surface and the stem branch element for photosynthesis to form nutrients to ensure the normal growth of the tea tree; the second is to transport and provide the nutrient recovery from the capillary root.
2. The test after I cut off the leaves: The natural recovery of the capillary roots is mainly based on the nutrients transferred by the foliage. After no nutrients transmitted by the leaves, the natural recovery period lasts for more than 40 days.
3, the main conditions for capillary root recovery are temperature 11-34 degrees, humidity above 65%, nutrients only promote the rapid growth of capillary roots under the premise of temperature and humidity.
4. The nutrition for accelerating the growth of capillary roots must be comprehensively balanced. It conforms to the three theorems of mineral nutrition. There is no comprehensive balanced nutrient element, and the recovery effect on capillary roots is slow. This is the main reason why urea, compound fertilizer, farmyard root application or foliar application is not obvious.
4. Comprehensive and balanced scientific fertilization is the guarantee for spring tea production and production increase. Although we know that spring tea has the potential to guarantee production and increase production after cold winter, this is only possible if we want to seize 2008. In the good market of spring tea, we must also introduce the concept of scientific fertilization of "Comprehensive Balance" and introduce the cultivation technology of tea tree nutrition, because this is the guarantee for spring tea to ensure production, increase production and improve quality. why? (Tea tree nutrition planting technology will be described in a special article)
(1) 70% of the tea trees that have been frozen this year are saved.
Capillary root is one of the main organs for the absorption of nutrients in tea trees. The nutrients in the soil are absorbed by the capillary roots. Without the capillary roots, the tea trees will die, let alone the growth of tea trees. The capillary root grows in the soil layer of 2-10cm because it is small, so the first thing to be frozen is the capillary root. The main cause of tea trees is the damage to the capillary roots, and the main roots are less than -10 and are not frozen. The so-called frozen tea tree, basically the capillary roots are frozen (in the north of the Yellow River, the thickened root soil is mainly used to ensure the tea trees to survive the winter) instead of the main roots. According to the author's research, as long as the main root grows to 15-20 cm, 20% of the capillary roots grow into the soil layer with the main root. As long as the surface temperature is above -9 degrees, it is impossible to freeze to death. The cold winter minimum temperature is above -8 degrees, so more than 70% of the frozen tea trees are more than 60% frozen by capillary roots. The tea trees frozen under this condition can be saved.
(2) The nutrient elements of granular fertilizer, organic fertilizer and farmyard manure can not meet the growth of tea tree. In order to save the tea tree and ensure the normal growth of the tea tree, it is necessary to provide the energy nutrition of the tea tree instead of urea, compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer. Foliar fertilizer for farmyard manure and some single elements. These fertilizers have a congenital deficiency: the nutrients are unbalanced and not comprehensive. Those who have studied botany know that Mineral Nutrition, which knows the three laws of mineral nutrition. According to the three laws, we know that all the above fertilizers do not conform to the three laws, so it is impossible to meet the normal growth needs of tea trees.
For example, urea is nitrogen. The role of nitrogen is to convert chlorophyll into a protease that acts as a gastric juice and then transforms other nutrients. At present, it is mainly based on partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, which brings about the effect of diminishing returns. It also brings low amino acid content of fresh spring tea leaves (below 3.5) and low content of tea polyphenols (below 12%), which greatly reduces the quality of spring tea. Some of them will not be formed until even the shackles, let alone three or more teas.
For example, compound fertilizer, which must have water to dissolve, is dissolved in water, and more than 54% of the residue remains in the soil to form the field. The dissolved three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are uniformly unbalanced, and the utilization rate is only about 25% (the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus-potassium in tea trees: 1:0.28:0.66). The biggest problem with compound fertilizer is that the dissolution temperature must be higher than 25 degrees to dissolve in 5 hours. The tea area has few high temperature weather of 25 degrees or more for 5-8 hours in March, so it does not work. .
The nutrients of single-element foliar fertilizer, organic fertilizer and farmyard manure are both single and low-content, which are more unbalanced than granular fertilizer, and it is impossible to help the capillary roots recover. In particular, the content of nutrients in organic fertilizers and farmyards is extremely low, especially in so-called organic tea gardens, which not only reduces the yield, but also reduces the dry matter content of tea, which is a problem that should cause us. Attention.
(3) Only a comprehensive and balanced nutrient element can quickly restore the physiological function of the capillary root. What kind of fertilizer can it be effective for the recovery of capillary roots after cold winter? Only a comprehensive balance of nutrients - full-effect water-soluble fertilizers can quickly restore the physiological functions of capillary roots. because:
1. It is the only fertilizer formulated and produced according to the three laws of mineral nutrition.
2, is the only one according to the tea tree season to produce 100 kilograms of fresh leaves, the amount of 13 kinds of total nutrients needed to balance the formula.
3, is the only use of the national patent "water and process" production, from the process to ensure that no non-nutrients, no residue and heavy metals, is a green clean fertilizer.
4. It is a comprehensive balanced fertilizer that wraps 13 nutrients with water. The fertilizer efficiency is 50% higher than that of the uncommon and unbalanced element fertilizer. It is easy to use and simple; one acre spring tea only needs one pot (5L) before the Ming Dynasty. Before and after the harvest, use one pot after each picking. Four spring teas only need 4 pots, and the total cost is only 100 yuan. The whole-effect fertilizer also greatly improves the comprehensive ability of tea trees, so it can prevent and control conventional pests and diseases.
Although the author only used a full-effect fertilizer to do a capillary root recovery comparison test, but only this time can be introduced: "only a comprehensive balance of nutrients, can quickly restore the physiological functions of capillary roots" conclusion. The follow-up support of this conclusion is that the author has made a comparison test of foliar spray of summer tea and autumn tea. The test area is 2 mu, the amount of mu is 2 pots, and the water exchange rate is: fertilizer 1: water 30; only summer tea once again Picking will increase the yield of 100 kg/mu fresh leaves. The average number of autumn tea germination at 10X10cm 5 is 53 buds, the weight of 100 gram is 15 grams, the amino acid content is 4.1 or more, and the tea polyphenol content is 22 or more. On November 8th, 2007, I also did 6 acres of tea garden autumn base fertilizer experiment (800 meters above sea level, 15 days of heavy snow temperature -4 degrees, extreme temperature -10 degrees), the amount of 2 pots / acre, 10 cm away from the tea tree roots Ditch 10X10cm, press 1:20 times liquid to water after pouring, then cover the soil, and then gather 10 cm high, on January 28, 2008 to see the capillary roots all grow well.
In summary, the author from the spring tea market after the cold winter, the tea trees after the cold winter can not be high-yield, the scientific basis for the production and production of tea before the Ming Dynasty, the comprehensive and balanced scientific fertilization, is the spring tea production and production increase. After ensuring four aspects of research, it is concluded that the key to high yield of spring tea after cold winter is the comprehensive balanced scientific fertilization. The author hopes that this article will lead to more and better articles to help our disaster-stricken tea farmers resume production.
February 2nd, 2008 in Yidu Contact address: Yicheng Lucheng Jiefang Community, Yidu, Hubei - Yidu Jixiang Formula Fertilizer Co., Ltd.
Zip code: 443300 Telephone E-mail:
Http//ydjx168.blog.china.aliba.com
Second, the tea tree after the cold winter can not really produce high yield?
Experts' judgments are based on the growth characteristics of tea trees and the existing tea planting techniques.
(1) From the characteristics of tea tree growth: tea trees are medium and shallow root crops, and they are afraid of low temperature than deep root crops such as citrus. The capillary roots are 70% grown in the 2-10 cm soil layer, while the citrus is grown in the 20-45 cm soil layer. When the local table temperature is -3 degrees, the soil temperature above 10cm is below -2 degrees, and the probability of freezing death of tea tree roots is more than 30%; when the local table temperature is 0 degrees, the soil temperature above 10cm is about 2 degrees, the capillary of tea tree The root is in a dormant state; when the local surface temperature is 3 degrees, the soil temperature above 10 cm is about 5 degrees, and the capillary root of the tea tree is in a semi-dormant state; when the local table temperature is higher than 10 degrees -18 degrees, the soil temperature above 10 cm is 12-19. Within the degree, the capillary roots of the tea tree began to recover, taking more than 20 kinds of minerals, especially the chlorophyll-transformed proteases were the most concentrated on the young leaves, making the tea before the Ming Dynasty became the top of the high-end tea; the local temperature exceeded 20- At 30 degrees, the soil temperature above 10cm is within 21-33 degrees, and the capillary root of tea tree is in the best nutrient absorption state. Under this temperature condition, the tea tree grows best, and more than 40 kinds of minerals are tender. The aggregation on the leaf is the only condition for spring tea to overcome summer and autumn tea; when the local table temperature is higher than 30 degrees, the soil temperature above 10 cm is above 33 degrees, and the capillary root of tea tree is in a state of hyperactivity, which is the conversion of tea tree light energy. highest At this time, tea yield and quality are the highest, but it is also very easy to age. It is the physiological characteristics of tea trees that make experts judge: after the temperature below -3 degrees for more than 15 days, during the period of spring equinox-clearing, the average daily accumulated temperature of the surface temperature reaches 15 degrees or more, because the temperature difference between day and night is more than 5 degrees and The repairing ability of the capillary root itself determines that the tea tree recovers by self-repairing ability. It needs to be clear, and the tea tree can be restored. The tea season has passed, so the spring tea market is postponed for 10 days.
(2) From the existing planting technology of tea trees: Although the tea tree technology in China has been greatly improved, it is still below the international advanced level in general, and it is basically in the backward traditional planting technology. China's tea-growing technology, heavy output is not heavy quality; heavy processing, not heavy fresh leaf content. In the period of tea development in the past five years, it only reflects the increase in production and packaging; the value of tea is multiplied by processing, packaging and marketing, not by the quality of the tea itself. In the cold winter, the traditional planting techniques that do not pay attention to the dry matter content of tea trees show their own shortcomings. After the spring equinox, a large number of frozen tea trees rely on the nutrition of three-element granular fertilizer and farmyard manure, and it is impossible to restore tea trees. The function of capillary roots. Because: First, our current planting technology is based on the application of three elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) based fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing of urea and single element micro-fertilizer; tea garden management and pest control, supplemented by picking and pruning . Second, our tea farm has not become a real tea farm. It is mainly used for processing fresh leaves from farmers. Kungfu is used in the processing, packaging and sales of tea. It does not form a sense of creating high-quality tea, so there is no quality for farmers as a whole. It is required that in this environment, the farmers are of course as simple as possible, and they lose the source of improving planting techniques.
The expert's judgment is based on the above two aspects, of course correct. Under such a good market condition, we really have to be high-yield after the cold winter, spring tea, especially the tea before tomorrow? The answer is: technology makes it possible.
Third, the scientific basis for the production and production increase of the tea before the Ming Dynasty After the cold winter, the scientific basis for the increase of spring tea, especially the tea before the Ming Dynasty, is:
(1) There is a daily accumulated temperature of 15 degrees or more for 15 days, which is a prerequisite for high yield.
According to Hubei meteorological data: the average temperature in Hubei in March is 8-13 degrees. In March 2007, the main tea producing area is 10-11.4 degrees, and the temperature in late is as high as 30 degrees. From 2007 to April 1-4, the average temperature is below 12 degrees, the extreme temperature is 0.5-7 degrees (cold wave), and the average temperature in April is 13.2-17.5 degrees. The average temperature in March-April 2007 was between 0.2 and 1.9 degrees higher than the historical one. According to the data calculation: during the 15-day period of the 2008-Qingming tea-clearing period (March 20th - April 4th), the average temperature of the spring period of the Qing Dynasty (March 20th - April 4th) decreased by 6 degrees in the second quarter of March 2007. Between 17-26 degrees, April 1-4 is between 0-5 degrees. Calculated according to the lowest light energy conversion coefficient of tea tree 0.10, the temperature can ensure that the tea tree produces 500 kilograms of fresh leaves per mu, and the X40% light energy coefficient utilization rate, it is concluded that the main tea area in Hubei has the possibility of producing fresh leaves of 200 kg/mu or more. The year is the same as the warm winter production in previous years. Take Hubei temperature as an example, because Hubei is the highest southern tea area and the northernmost tea area. Since Hubei has the possibility of guaranteeing production and increasing production, under the premise of temperature guarantee, the production and production increase of Mingqian tea in other southern provinces is naturally possible.
(2) The growth characteristics of tea trees ensure the possibility of pre-Qing tea production and production increase.
The tea tree is a perennial hi-yellow wet eutrophic plant. Its physiological characteristics are: relying on capillary roots to absorb inorganic minerals from the soil, relying on leaves to absorb more than 85% of the tree's carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and other minerals below 15% (mainly 14 kinds: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium , calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, molybdenum, iron, zinc, copper, aluminum, boron), and obtain energy; then through the leaf surface for light energy conversion, the conversion rate is between 0.15-5.5. The conversion process is: the capillary root transports the obtained energy (mineral material) to the branch of the stem of the tree, and then the nitrogen and iron, copper and zinc-based minerals are transported to the leaf surface by the branch, and pass through the leaf surface. Photosynthesis produces chlorophyll, which is then returned to the branch and converted to protease. Protease is the gastric juice of tea tree, which converts up to 40 other minerals and light for energy conversion, so tea tree uses roots and leaves to acquire and transform energy. However, the two systems of root system and foliar system account for the ratio of mineral absorption. The author did not find the information, and it can only be tentatively determined by the concept of vagueness.
In order to study the absorption characteristics of tea trees, the author has specially done capillary root test (the following are surface temperatures):
1. In the autumn, the capillary roots are broken. In the early spring, the average temperature is above 10 degrees, and the natural recovery begins. When the daily temperature reaches 13-20 degrees, the natural recovery takes 15-20 days. In summer (the monthly average temperature is above 35 degrees), naturally. Recovery takes only 12 days.
2. In autumn, urea, compound fertilizer and farmyard root application have no obvious effect on capillary root growth. Spraying urea leaves on spring leaves can be 1-3 days in advance; spraying with compound fertilizer leaves can be advanced in spring equinox. 2-5 days.
3, in the autumn with full-effect water-soluble fertilizer (including 13 elements provided by artificial energy) sprayed by 1:15 times liquid leaf surface, one acre 5L / pot, after spring equinox can be 4-9 days in advance.
After three days and one slice microscope to observe the results of the comparison test, it was found that the effect of the capillary roots of tea trees and the leaf surface of tea leaves are as follows:
1. When the capillary root is restored, the leaf surface is the aggregated leaf surface and the stem branch element for photosynthesis to form nutrients to ensure the normal growth of the tea tree; the second is to transport and provide the nutrient recovery from the capillary root.
2. The test after I cut off the leaves: The natural recovery of the capillary roots is mainly based on the nutrients transferred by the foliage. After no nutrients transmitted by the leaves, the natural recovery period lasts for more than 40 days.
3, the main conditions for capillary root recovery are temperature 11-34 degrees, humidity above 65%, nutrients only promote the rapid growth of capillary roots under the premise of temperature and humidity.
4. The nutrition for accelerating the growth of capillary roots must be comprehensively balanced. It conforms to the three theorems of mineral nutrition. There is no comprehensive balanced nutrient element, and the recovery effect on capillary roots is slow. This is the main reason why urea, compound fertilizer, farmyard root application or foliar application is not obvious.
4. Comprehensive and balanced scientific fertilization is the guarantee for spring tea production and production increase. Although we know that spring tea has the potential to guarantee production and increase production after cold winter, this is only possible if we want to seize 2008. In the good market of spring tea, we must also introduce the concept of scientific fertilization of "Comprehensive Balance" and introduce the cultivation technology of tea tree nutrition, because this is the guarantee for spring tea to ensure production, increase production and improve quality. why? (Tea tree nutrition planting technology will be described in a special article)
(1) 70% of the tea trees that have been frozen this year are saved.
Capillary root is one of the main organs for the absorption of nutrients in tea trees. The nutrients in the soil are absorbed by the capillary roots. Without the capillary roots, the tea trees will die, let alone the growth of tea trees. The capillary root grows in the soil layer of 2-10cm because it is small, so the first thing to be frozen is the capillary root. The main cause of tea trees is the damage to the capillary roots, and the main roots are less than -10 and are not frozen. The so-called frozen tea tree, basically the capillary roots are frozen (in the north of the Yellow River, the thickened root soil is mainly used to ensure the tea trees to survive the winter) instead of the main roots. According to the author's research, as long as the main root grows to 15-20 cm, 20% of the capillary roots grow into the soil layer with the main root. As long as the surface temperature is above -9 degrees, it is impossible to freeze to death. The cold winter minimum temperature is above -8 degrees, so more than 70% of the frozen tea trees are more than 60% frozen by capillary roots. The tea trees frozen under this condition can be saved.
(2) The nutrient elements of granular fertilizer, organic fertilizer and farmyard manure can not meet the growth of tea tree. In order to save the tea tree and ensure the normal growth of the tea tree, it is necessary to provide the energy nutrition of the tea tree instead of urea, compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer. Foliar fertilizer for farmyard manure and some single elements. These fertilizers have a congenital deficiency: the nutrients are unbalanced and not comprehensive. Those who have studied botany know that Mineral Nutrition, which knows the three laws of mineral nutrition. According to the three laws, we know that all the above fertilizers do not conform to the three laws, so it is impossible to meet the normal growth needs of tea trees.
For example, urea is nitrogen. The role of nitrogen is to convert chlorophyll into a protease that acts as a gastric juice and then transforms other nutrients. At present, it is mainly based on partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, which brings about the effect of diminishing returns. It also brings low amino acid content of fresh spring tea leaves (below 3.5) and low content of tea polyphenols (below 12%), which greatly reduces the quality of spring tea. Some of them will not be formed until even the shackles, let alone three or more teas.
For example, compound fertilizer, which must have water to dissolve, is dissolved in water, and more than 54% of the residue remains in the soil to form the field. The dissolved three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are uniformly unbalanced, and the utilization rate is only about 25% (the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus-potassium in tea trees: 1:0.28:0.66). The biggest problem with compound fertilizer is that the dissolution temperature must be higher than 25 degrees to dissolve in 5 hours. The tea area has few high temperature weather of 25 degrees or more for 5-8 hours in March, so it does not work. .
The nutrients of single-element foliar fertilizer, organic fertilizer and farmyard manure are both single and low-content, which are more unbalanced than granular fertilizer, and it is impossible to help the capillary roots recover. In particular, the content of nutrients in organic fertilizers and farmyards is extremely low, especially in so-called organic tea gardens, which not only reduces the yield, but also reduces the dry matter content of tea, which is a problem that should cause us. Attention.
(3) Only a comprehensive and balanced nutrient element can quickly restore the physiological function of the capillary root. What kind of fertilizer can it be effective for the recovery of capillary roots after cold winter? Only a comprehensive balance of nutrients - full-effect water-soluble fertilizers can quickly restore the physiological functions of capillary roots. because:
1. It is the only fertilizer formulated and produced according to the three laws of mineral nutrition.
2, is the only one according to the tea tree season to produce 100 kilograms of fresh leaves, the amount of 13 kinds of total nutrients needed to balance the formula.
3, is the only use of the national patent "water and process" production, from the process to ensure that no non-nutrients, no residue and heavy metals, is a green clean fertilizer.
4. It is a comprehensive balanced fertilizer that wraps 13 nutrients with water. The fertilizer efficiency is 50% higher than that of the uncommon and unbalanced element fertilizer. It is easy to use and simple; one acre spring tea only needs one pot (5L) before the Ming Dynasty. Before and after the harvest, use one pot after each picking. Four spring teas only need 4 pots, and the total cost is only 100 yuan. The whole-effect fertilizer also greatly improves the comprehensive ability of tea trees, so it can prevent and control conventional pests and diseases.
Although the author only used a full-effect fertilizer to do a capillary root recovery comparison test, but only this time can be introduced: "only a comprehensive balance of nutrients, can quickly restore the physiological functions of capillary roots" conclusion. The follow-up support of this conclusion is that the author has made a comparison test of foliar spray of summer tea and autumn tea. The test area is 2 mu, the amount of mu is 2 pots, and the water exchange rate is: fertilizer 1: water 30; only summer tea once again Picking will increase the yield of 100 kg/mu fresh leaves. The average number of autumn tea germination at 10X10cm 5 is 53 buds, the weight of 100 gram is 15 grams, the amino acid content is 4.1 or more, and the tea polyphenol content is 22 or more. On November 8th, 2007, I also did 6 acres of tea garden autumn base fertilizer experiment (800 meters above sea level, 15 days of heavy snow temperature -4 degrees, extreme temperature -10 degrees), the amount of 2 pots / acre, 10 cm away from the tea tree roots Ditch 10X10cm, press 1:20 times liquid to water after pouring, then cover the soil, and then gather 10 cm high, on January 28, 2008 to see the capillary roots all grow well.
In summary, the author from the spring tea market after the cold winter, the tea trees after the cold winter can not be high-yield, the scientific basis for the production and production of tea before the Ming Dynasty, the comprehensive and balanced scientific fertilization, is the spring tea production and production increase. After ensuring four aspects of research, it is concluded that the key to high yield of spring tea after cold winter is the comprehensive balanced scientific fertilization. The author hopes that this article will lead to more and better articles to help our disaster-stricken tea farmers resume production.
February 2nd, 2008 in Yidu Contact address: Yicheng Lucheng Jiefang Community, Yidu, Hubei - Yidu Jixiang Formula Fertilizer Co., Ltd.
Zip code: 443300 Telephone E-mail:
Http//ydjx168.blog.china.aliba.com
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Enhanced metallic coatings provide greater reflection across the
operating bandwidth.
Metal-coated optical mirrors are available for use with light throughout the UV, VIS, and IR spectral regions.
Metallic Mirror,Gold Mirror,Protective Silver Coating Mirror,Aluminium Coating mirror,Dielectric Mirror
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