Abstract Graphene was discovered by two scientists at the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom in 2004. It was quickly noticed by its amazing performance due to its high strength, toughness and light weight. In 2010, two scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery. Near ten...
Graphene was discovered by two scientists at the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom in 2004. It was quickly noticed by its amazing performance due to its high strength, toughness and light weight. In 2010, two scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery. In the past decade, research on graphene has been hot, and graphene has been considered as a "revolutionary material" and "21st century" because of its extremely broad application prospects in energy, biotechnology, aerospace and other fields. The king of materials." Some experts predict that the global graphene industry will exceed 100 billion US dollars in the next 5 to 10 years. According to the relevant research report, Graphene is a honeycomb-like quasi-two-dimensional structure formed by hybridization of C atoms via sp2 electron orbitals, and is another allotrope of C element. Compared with other new materials, graphene has many excellent features, such as high carrier mobility, high current density, high strength, high thermal conductivity, ultra-thin, ultra-light and ultra-hard, high-performance sensors and enhanced electrons. Transportation, catalyst, hydrogen absorption, bipolar semiconductor, no heat transfer and other functions. Due to its excellent performance and numerous functions, graphene is widely used in lithium electronic batteries, super capacitors, conductive inks, touch screens, soft electronics, heat dissipation, coatings, sensors, etc. In addition, in high-frequency electronics, environmental protection, optoelectronics, and polymerization. Graphene can also be found in the fields of materials, desalination, solar cells, fuel cells, catalysts, and building materials. Some experts predict that in the next few years, graphene will be mainly used in five major fields such as "conductive ink", "anti-corrosion coating", "heat dissipation material", "lithium battery" and "super capacitor".
Field 1: Conductive ink
The conductive ink is an ink made of a conductive material and has a certain degree of conductivity, and can be used as a printed conductive point or a conductive line. In recent years, it has become more and more widely used in industries such as mobile phones, toys, membrane switches, solar cells, far infrared heating films, and radio frequency identification technologies. In the past few decades, the largest downstream of conductive inks has been solar cells and display devices. Future applications including touch sensors and their electrodes, RFID and electronic paper will also continue to grow.
Graphene conductive ink has a strong advantage and its development prospects are promising. The conductive ink is a filled composite material and is an ink having electrical conductivity after printing and sintering. There are two main advantages of graphene in ink applications: First, strong compatibility, graphene ink can be printed on a variety of substrates such as plastic film, paper and metal foil; second, cost-effective, with existing nano Compared with metal conductive inks, graphene inks have a large cost advantage.
Due to the good performance of graphene, the ink made by it has the characteristics of small electric resistance, strong electrical conductivity and high optical transparency. It is found in various conductive circuits and electronic products such as sensors, radio frequency identification systems, smart packaging, medical monitors and the like. widely used. In 2015, the output of conductive inks has also reached 800,000 tons. It is estimated that the production of conductive ink will reach 1.3 million tons by 2015. As the production technology of graphene is mature and the cost is reduced, graphene conductive ink will gradually occupy market share. It is estimated that by 2020, the market for graphene applications in the field of conductive ink will reach 200 million yuan.
Field 2: Anti-corrosion coating
At present, the domestic consumption of anti-corrosion coatings is nearly 1.8 million tons, accounting for more than 40% of the total consumption of anti-corrosion coatings in the world. The demand for anticorrosive coatings in China is mainly concentrated in the fields of ships, petrochemicals, bridges and containers. After adding graphene to the paint, graphene can form a stable conductive grid, effectively improving the utilization rate of zinc powder. From the practical point of view, adding about 5% of graphene powder can reduce the use of 50% zinc powder. At the same time, the graphene coating can form a physical barrier layer between the metal surface and the active medium, and has a good protection effect on the base material.
In recent years, petrochemical, railway transportation, new energy, infrastructure construction, etc. have been flourishing, providing a broad market space for anti-corrosion coatings. China's new graphene anticorrosive coatings have been successfully developed in Jiangsu Daosen New Materials Co., Ltd. on March 20, 2015, and have been applied to the anti-corrosion of offshore wind turbine towers. Recently, many companies have developed related products and Application in the field of anti-corrosion. In the future, petrochemicals, railway transportation, new energy, and infrastructure construction will flourish and provide a broad market space for anti-corrosion coatings. It is estimated that by 2020, the market for graphene applications in the field of anti-corrosion coatings will reach 500-800 million yuan.
Field 3: Heat Dissipation Materials
The heat dissipation of electronic and photonic devices is a major problem affecting the development of electronic technology. The heat dissipation of mobile phones, computers, microcircuits and other devices is mainly solved by various heat sinks. At present, the heat sink of electronic products in the market is mainly graphite heat sink. However, graphene thermal conductive sheets have much better thermal conductivity and foldability than graphite sheets. Excellent heat dissipating materials such as thermal conductive fibers and thermal conductive plastics, and the technical difficulty is small, the process is relatively mature, and there is a rapid market entry. Opportunity. Especially in the field of smart phones, mobile phones are required to be thin and portable, and are required to be foldable in the future, so the graphene heat conductive film has great advantages. It is estimated that the heat-dissipating components using the graphene heat-dissipating film for heat dissipation in the future will account for 10% of the total electronic products and LED products market, which will bring about 1.5-200 million market space for graphene heat-dissipating films.
Field 4: Lithium battery
Graphene is widely used in lithium ion batteries. It has been commercialized in cathode materials as a conductive additive to improve the conductivity of electrode materials and improve rate performance and cycle life. At present, a more mature application is to use graphene as a conductive paste for coating a positive-grade material such as iron phosphate. The coating slurry for the positive electrode currently mainly includes graphite slurry, carbon nanotube slurry, etc., and the graphene slurry will exhibit more as the graphene powder and the graphene microchip powder are mass-produced and the cost is continuously reduced. Good coating performance. Graphene paste will steadily increase as lithium batteries grow. Lithium-ion batteries are mainly used in mobile electronic devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, and video cameras, and are actively expanding into new energy vehicles such as electric vehicles, and have long-term development prospects.
Since graphene has many enhancements to battery performance, the continuous improvement of power battery performance requirements will certainly drive the development of graphene in the battery field. At the same time, the scale of the graphene battery industry is expected to fully benefit from the volume of power batteries and share the growth of the new energy vehicle industry.
Field 5: Super Capacitor
Graphene has high electrical conductivity, large specific gravity, stable chemical structure, and more effective release, which is beneficial to the penetration and transportation of electrons, and is more suitable as a supercapacitor electrode material. At present, China has already started the production of graphene supercapacitors, and the production of graphene supercapacitors has been fully realized in technology.
According to the US IDTechEx report, the global supercapacitor market will grow from US$800 million in 2013 to US$3.13 billion in 2018, with a compound annual growth rate of 30.2%. The industrialization of graphene-based supercapacitors is also advancing: in China, CRRC's 3V/12000 Farad graphene/activated carbon composite electrode supercapacitor and 2.8V/30000 Farad graphene nano hybrid supercapacitor have been developed. Obtained the accreditation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the overall technology reached the highest level of the world's super capacitors. According to estimates, the size of China's supercapacitor market will exceed 3 billion yuan in 2016. It is estimated that the scale of China's supercapacitor market will exceed 6 billion yuan in 2020. The potential application scale of graphene in the super capacitor market is 300-500 million yuan.
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