Deformation of the spring after clamping and forming
The spring is an elastic part, and the factors affecting the accuracy are much more complicated than the rigid parts, so the process used to ensure accuracy has many special features. The main factor affecting the precision of spring machining is the deformation that is difficult to avoid during clamping, which will directly lead to partial loss of machining accuracy, and the spring will also deform after spring forming or heat treatment, which will also lead to spring accuracy. reduce. Therefore, how to reduce the deformation of the spring during clamping, deformation after forming, and deformation during heat treatment are the key to the whole process.
Spring manufacturing process
Formulation of the general scheme of the process The processing of the rectangular spring can be carried out by heating the steel in a heated state, and then subjected to appropriate processing and forming, or can be formed by bar processing. Because the winding requires special equipment, and the dimensional accuracy can not meet the design requirements, we use bar processing.
Reasonable heat treatment during processing to eliminate part deformation
In the process of rectangular springs, multiple turning, grinding, etc. should be arranged, and the heat treatment process should be arranged in the middle to eliminate the machine stress generated by the parts during processing. The allowance for each turning and grinding should be reasonable. Through heat treatment, it is necessary to improve the structure and improve the stability, so that the hardness and residual stress of the spring meet the requirements of the drawings.
Design convenient and practical tire clamp
Because the rectangular spring is an elastic part, during the turning and grinding process, the tire clamp is required to keep the parts from deforming during the machining process. During the heat treatment, a tire clamp is required to correct the deformation. The parallel head of the rectangular spring also needs to be a spiral plug to control the gap between the ends.
Guarantee of precision
In order to ensure the stability of the spring during use, the inner and outer circles of the grinding spring are not arranged after the relaxation treatment, the residual deformation of the spring is reliable, but this ensures the straightness, the perpendicularity and the parallelism of the two ends of the spring. The request brings great difficulties. The guarantee of the straightness error of the rectangular spring is the result of the comprehensive control of the whole process. The following mainly introduces how the verticality of the spring is less than 0.15 when the linearity of the axis is less than 0.15, and the parallelism is less than 0.10.
Mechanism analysis
The structural characteristics of the spring are slender, inevitably there will be some straightness errors, and the straightness error causes the parallelism error and the perpendicularity error of the two end faces, and the parallelism of the end face and the linearity error of the axis work together to cause the spring to be vertical. The degree error is several times the straightness error, so controlling the straightness and the parallelism of the end face is critical to ensure the verticality of the spring. The verticality is a comprehensive reflection of the error, which is the most difficult to guarantee.
Determination and implementation of process plans
For the above reasons, after the straightness error has been ensured after the heat treatment, a special jig (hereinafter referred to as a sleeve type) is designed for grinding both end faces of the spring. Here we must ensure three points: First, the spring is ground in a free state (axial straightness <0.15 after heat treatment), second, the two ends of the spring are ground under one reference, and the third is to prevent both ends of the grinding. Let the knife of the circle. Sleeve tire.
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