Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission on Improving the On-grid Price of Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation", which clarified the on-grid price of photovoltaic power generation in the country: the construction was approved before July 2011, and the photovoltaic power station was put into operation at the end of the year. It will enjoy the on-grid tariff of 1.15 yuan / kWh; the power station approved after July 2011 will be built before July, but the photovoltaic power station that has not been completed and put into operation by the end of the year will have an on-grid price of 1 yuan / kWh. The funds are supplemented by the renewable electricity price levied nationwide. The concession bidding project and the project funded by the national “Golden Sun†demonstration project cannot enjoy the electricity price, and will still be implemented according to the bidding price and the on-grid price of the local desulfurization coal-fired unit. The introduction of this document has been greatly welcomed by the market. The photovoltaic sector generally has a large volume increase. It will help accelerate the launch of the domestic PV market and ease the over-reliance on imports of PV products in China. It will also lay the foundation for the follow-up of the on-grid tariff method in China. .
Although this document clarifies the long-awaited on-grid price of the industry, if this document will cause explosive growth in China's PV market, it will take a long way to go.
First, the problem of difficulty in accessing the Internet has not been resolved. This document clarifies the on-grid tariff, but there is no corresponding PV access policy as a supporting facility. The PV power plant is built. If it cannot be connected to the grid, it will not be able to enjoy the feed-in tariff. At present, the grid connection of photovoltaic power plants is the biggest problem that hinders the development of the domestic PV market. The volatility of photovoltaic power generation makes it possible to generate harmonics, countercurrent, voltage flicker and other problems when it is connected to the power grid, which has a certain impact on the existing power grid. Therefore, it is also negatively disposed of by the grid company as a "junk" power source. At the same time, the intermittent and unpredictable characteristics of photovoltaic power generation make it necessary to balance more power in peaking and frequency modulation, such as thermal power, hydropower, etc., which will increase the responsibility for the dispatching of the power grid, and will also affect the existing The benefits of the power plant. At present, most of the PV projects connected to the grid in China are accepted by the local power grid, but the capacity of the local power grid is limited. If the high-voltage long-distance transmission is not completed as soon as possible, and the interests of the power grid companies and other parties are rationalized, the problem of grid connection is difficult. It will still exist, and the launch of the domestic PV market will still be an air slogan.
Second, the price of 1.15 yuan / kWh is limited to the market. As can be seen from the document, the electricity price of 1.15 yuan / kWh is a subsidy for the approval of the construction of the power station before July 1, 2011, and the electricity price approved thereafter is only 1 yuan / kWh, one after the other. The price of 0.15 yuan, so the on-grid price is not so much to promote the development of the domestic photovoltaic market, it is better to make up for the construction of power stations in the past. In addition, the document does not explain the length of the subsidy. According to estimates, the initial investment is 17 yuan / watt, the capital is 20%, the capital is recovered for 10 years, and the power station is in the west, the photovoltaic power price is still 1.2 yuan. / kWh, so the price of 1.15 yuan is not very attractive. Especially in the current situation of tight monetary policy and high financing costs, the long-term capital recovery rate of photovoltaic power plants will also become one of the obstacles. In addition, the power station adopts a one-size-fits-all approach, which is not conducive to the development of the photovoltaic market in the eastern region. On average, the effective sunshine hours in the eastern region are 200 hours/year lower than in the west, so the construction of photovoltaic power plants in the east will have lower yields.
Third, the document did not determine the upper limit of the installation capacity of the photovoltaic power plant. The document stated that the on-grid price of the local desulfurization coal-fired unit was mainly solved by the nationally-added renewable energy tariff surcharge. In 2010, the national renewable energy surcharge was imposed. The cost is about 13 billion, but most of the funds are used to subsidize wind power and biomass power generation. The proportion of photovoltaic power generation is very low, less than 5%.
A subsidy of 8 gross per kWh of electricity, assuming a renewable energy subsidy of 5%, can subsidize up to 800 MW, and only one province of Qinghai is close to 800 MW. Therefore, if the scale of subsidies is expanded, it is necessary to increase the surcharge for renewable energy. However, in the current situation of China's inflationary pressures, SMEs' financing difficulties, and the increase in electricity prices due to power shortages in the first half of this year, it is more difficult to raise electricity price surcharges in the short term. In addition, the construction of photovoltaic power plants is approved by the provincial or national NDRC, and the documents are not clear.
Fourth, there is a lack of large-scale PV channel operators in China. The lack of innovation mechanism and the lack of confidentiality of intellectual property or technology make many domestic PV companies mainly focus on OEM, with high homogeneity and low added value. Therefore, companies are more inclined to take the lead. When choosing a dealer, they mainly choose some large-scale channels, even if the price does not have an advantage. Large orders mean that product capital turnover is accelerating and the company's operating rate is high. Therefore, in the absence of domestic demand and the lack of large-scale PV channel operators in China, in the face of domestic and international demand, enterprises generally choose foreign orders because of the large number of foreign orders. . Last year, in the case of continued high demand in foreign markets, some photovoltaic power plant factories in Qinghai have already installed brackets, but they cannot buy components. This may be a portrayal of this situation. In addition, China's export-oriented policy is also one of the reasons for tightening foreign countries and tightening the domestic market. The export of photovoltaic products enjoys export tax rebates, but there is no such subsidy for domestic sales, so the market choice of enterprises can be imagined. And know.
Fifth, the lack of quality standards for domestic PV products may also limit the further expansion of market applications. The quality problem of photovoltaic products may lead to a decrease in the yield of power plants under specific PV on-grid tariffs, thus affecting the enthusiasm of PV investment. At the same time of the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, it also gave birth to a number of blindly follow-up projects. These projects lack technical experience, and the quality of their products is difficult to guarantee, especially in the context of the current market demand for photovoltaic industry, the price of photovoltaic products has fallen sharply. Products with unreliable quality have far-reaching effects. The unqualified product quality has also brought certain negative impacts on the implementation of China's “Golden Sun†project. For example, the Golden Sun Demonstration Project in 2009 has exposed the problem of applying for state subsidies for the construction of power stations with defective products, which has affected the project. Implementation. Therefore, it is urgent to improve product quality standards and ensure the profitability of photovoltaic power plants.
All in all, the launch of the domestic PV market cannot be achieved overnight. However, the introduction of this on-grid tariff document has obviously released some positive information to the market. It will gradually clear the obstacles in the development of the PV market and gradually promote the PV market in China. Good development.
Although this document clarifies the long-awaited on-grid price of the industry, if this document will cause explosive growth in China's PV market, it will take a long way to go.
First, the problem of difficulty in accessing the Internet has not been resolved. This document clarifies the on-grid tariff, but there is no corresponding PV access policy as a supporting facility. The PV power plant is built. If it cannot be connected to the grid, it will not be able to enjoy the feed-in tariff. At present, the grid connection of photovoltaic power plants is the biggest problem that hinders the development of the domestic PV market. The volatility of photovoltaic power generation makes it possible to generate harmonics, countercurrent, voltage flicker and other problems when it is connected to the power grid, which has a certain impact on the existing power grid. Therefore, it is also negatively disposed of by the grid company as a "junk" power source. At the same time, the intermittent and unpredictable characteristics of photovoltaic power generation make it necessary to balance more power in peaking and frequency modulation, such as thermal power, hydropower, etc., which will increase the responsibility for the dispatching of the power grid, and will also affect the existing The benefits of the power plant. At present, most of the PV projects connected to the grid in China are accepted by the local power grid, but the capacity of the local power grid is limited. If the high-voltage long-distance transmission is not completed as soon as possible, and the interests of the power grid companies and other parties are rationalized, the problem of grid connection is difficult. It will still exist, and the launch of the domestic PV market will still be an air slogan.
Second, the price of 1.15 yuan / kWh is limited to the market. As can be seen from the document, the electricity price of 1.15 yuan / kWh is a subsidy for the approval of the construction of the power station before July 1, 2011, and the electricity price approved thereafter is only 1 yuan / kWh, one after the other. The price of 0.15 yuan, so the on-grid price is not so much to promote the development of the domestic photovoltaic market, it is better to make up for the construction of power stations in the past. In addition, the document does not explain the length of the subsidy. According to estimates, the initial investment is 17 yuan / watt, the capital is 20%, the capital is recovered for 10 years, and the power station is in the west, the photovoltaic power price is still 1.2 yuan. / kWh, so the price of 1.15 yuan is not very attractive. Especially in the current situation of tight monetary policy and high financing costs, the long-term capital recovery rate of photovoltaic power plants will also become one of the obstacles. In addition, the power station adopts a one-size-fits-all approach, which is not conducive to the development of the photovoltaic market in the eastern region. On average, the effective sunshine hours in the eastern region are 200 hours/year lower than in the west, so the construction of photovoltaic power plants in the east will have lower yields.
Third, the document did not determine the upper limit of the installation capacity of the photovoltaic power plant. The document stated that the on-grid price of the local desulfurization coal-fired unit was mainly solved by the nationally-added renewable energy tariff surcharge. In 2010, the national renewable energy surcharge was imposed. The cost is about 13 billion, but most of the funds are used to subsidize wind power and biomass power generation. The proportion of photovoltaic power generation is very low, less than 5%.
A subsidy of 8 gross per kWh of electricity, assuming a renewable energy subsidy of 5%, can subsidize up to 800 MW, and only one province of Qinghai is close to 800 MW. Therefore, if the scale of subsidies is expanded, it is necessary to increase the surcharge for renewable energy. However, in the current situation of China's inflationary pressures, SMEs' financing difficulties, and the increase in electricity prices due to power shortages in the first half of this year, it is more difficult to raise electricity price surcharges in the short term. In addition, the construction of photovoltaic power plants is approved by the provincial or national NDRC, and the documents are not clear.
Fourth, there is a lack of large-scale PV channel operators in China. The lack of innovation mechanism and the lack of confidentiality of intellectual property or technology make many domestic PV companies mainly focus on OEM, with high homogeneity and low added value. Therefore, companies are more inclined to take the lead. When choosing a dealer, they mainly choose some large-scale channels, even if the price does not have an advantage. Large orders mean that product capital turnover is accelerating and the company's operating rate is high. Therefore, in the absence of domestic demand and the lack of large-scale PV channel operators in China, in the face of domestic and international demand, enterprises generally choose foreign orders because of the large number of foreign orders. . Last year, in the case of continued high demand in foreign markets, some photovoltaic power plant factories in Qinghai have already installed brackets, but they cannot buy components. This may be a portrayal of this situation. In addition, China's export-oriented policy is also one of the reasons for tightening foreign countries and tightening the domestic market. The export of photovoltaic products enjoys export tax rebates, but there is no such subsidy for domestic sales, so the market choice of enterprises can be imagined. And know.
Fifth, the lack of quality standards for domestic PV products may also limit the further expansion of market applications. The quality problem of photovoltaic products may lead to a decrease in the yield of power plants under specific PV on-grid tariffs, thus affecting the enthusiasm of PV investment. At the same time of the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, it also gave birth to a number of blindly follow-up projects. These projects lack technical experience, and the quality of their products is difficult to guarantee, especially in the context of the current market demand for photovoltaic industry, the price of photovoltaic products has fallen sharply. Products with unreliable quality have far-reaching effects. The unqualified product quality has also brought certain negative impacts on the implementation of China's “Golden Sun†project. For example, the Golden Sun Demonstration Project in 2009 has exposed the problem of applying for state subsidies for the construction of power stations with defective products, which has affected the project. Implementation. Therefore, it is urgent to improve product quality standards and ensure the profitability of photovoltaic power plants.
All in all, the launch of the domestic PV market cannot be achieved overnight. However, the introduction of this on-grid tariff document has obviously released some positive information to the market. It will gradually clear the obstacles in the development of the PV market and gradually promote the PV market in China. Good development.
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