China's rare earth industry inside and outside pressure to be broken

Recently, the Japan Ocean Research and Development Agency announced that on January 21st, a survey was conducted on the South Bird Island sea area where a large number of rare earths have been confirmed to detect the distribution of seabed soil containing rare earth elements. It is understood that the first discovery of rare earths in South Bird Island was in June 2012. At that time, rare earth elements such as strontium were found in the soil sampled about 300 kilometers from the South Bird Island and about 5600 meters deep. This is the first time at the Sea of ​​Japan. A large number of rare earths were found in the exclusive economic zone.

Japan bypasses China's multi-way "seeking" rare earth

“镝 is an important additive that can make the magnets used in high-temperature air conditioners and motors for hybrid vehicles more heat-resistant.” According to rare earth industry insiders, it accounts for about 5% of the weight of air-conditioning magnets. About 10% of the hybrid car magnets. The cockroaches that Japan is preparing to investigate are one of the heavy rare earths, and China's medium and heavy rare earth mineral deposits are the most abundant in the world.

According to the data, from 1990 to 2005, China's rare earth production accounted for 96% of the world's total, and its export volume ranked first in the world; 60% of China's rare earth production was used for export, and exports accounted for more than 63% of international trade, and China is the world. The only country that supplies a large number of rare earth products of different grades and varieties. It can be said that China has opened its doors to supply rare earths to the world at no cost.

According to the report of the National Development and Reform Commission, the annual production capacity of rare earth smelting and separation in China is 200,000 tons, which is more than double the annual demand in the world. At the beginning of 2012, statistics show that the world share of rare earths in China dropped from 96% in 2005 to less than 30% in 2012.

“When China realized that the amount of rare earths was greatly reduced and began to protect such resources, those countries that used to import rare earths from China did not do it because they wanted to use rare earths, and they must find ways to keep China a large number of exports. However, the exploitation and export of rare earth not only reduced the rare earth mineral deposits in China, but also caused the deterioration of the surrounding environment of rare earth minerals, which took a long time to recover. Therefore, China began to restrict the export of rare earths,” said the industry insiders.

Due to factors such as China's rare earth production reduction and territorial disputes, Japan, a country that has been heavily involved in importing rare earths in China, urgently needs to find new sources of rare earths. In September 2012, it was reported that the oil and gas and metal mineral resources institutions of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan and the Sande Company of the rare earth alloy enterprise jointly investigated the phosphonium mine in Malaysia. Japan intends to investigate and analyze the content of rare earth elements in ore by the sample, confirm the method of extracting and refining rare earth elements by local mining enterprises, and plans to develop a mining plan by February 2013 to supply to Japan. From the eagerness of Japan to conduct an investigation in South Bird Island, the importance of rare earth in the Japanese economy and industry can be seen.

The rare earth industry has been hit by a pinch

"Not only Japan, but other developed countries are also coveting China's rare earths." Analysts who did not want to be named said, "It is our own resources, and the right to speak must be mastered by others. This is unfair."

It is understood that in the promotion of China's cancellation of rare earth export quotas, the United States, the European Union, Japan and other places have striking agreement. In October 2010, the Japanese ambassador to China convened the ambassadors of major countries such as the United States, Britain, Germany, France and South Korea to demand that China ease the export restrictions.

In December 2010, the United States announced the “Important Resource Strategy” and proposed to work closely with Japan and European countries to ensure the stable supply of rare earth resources. Soon after, the EU also expressed its willingness to take a consistent step with Japan's international negotiations on rare earth new technology development and rare earth blending.

On June 27, 2012, the European Commission, the United States and Japan requested the World Trade Organization (WTO) to initiate a dispute settlement mechanism and set up an expert group to resolve China's disputes over the export of raw materials such as rare earths.

It is worth mentioning that in 2012, China's rare earth market showed a downturn, due to internal and external difficulties, news from overseas rare earth minerals and the sluggishness of rare earth prices, which made China's rare earth enterprises under great pressure. So what should China's rare earth industry be in 2013? Breaking the deal?

Some industry experts said, "The more the market is not good, the more attention should be paid to industrial R&D." In his view, if the industrial development only stays at the primary and low-end stages, everyone will compete for resources and profit from market speculation. It is easy to cause price fluctuations, and the rare earth industry loses its initiative and is easily influenced by others. Only by mastering the core technology and own intellectual property rights can we have a real competitive advantage.

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