Cable trenches, cable mezzanines, cable shafts, and power distribution cabinets are the most representative fire control difficulties in power, telecommunication, petrochemical, metallurgical, and municipal systems. The key to the safe operation of equipment and facilities is the safety of cables because of cables. The consequences of a fire in a mezzanine, tunnel, shaft, and distribution cabinet can be disastrous.
The direct cause of fire is the long-term operation of the cable, resulting in aging of the insulation layer, oxidation of the connector, increased contact resistance, overheating of the cable connector, and ignition of the cable. Once these places are on fire, it is very difficult for personnel to enter the fight.
The traditional way of preventing cable fires is to make fire zones and plugging in these places. Once a problem occurs, the loss can be reduced to a fire zone. There is no good active fire extinguishing method. The ultrafine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing system can well solve the automatic fire protection of the site.
The ultrafine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing device has suspension type pressure storage type, suspension pressureless type and other models. When a fire occurs, it may not be able to provide signals through the detection and alarm equipment, but can automatically start itself. The system has a simple structure, a small variety of equipment, and does not require civil works. The fire extinguishing device is arranged at the top of the protection object. Each group is started by a startup component that can feed back the address code to the control room through the module. When a fire is applied in a cable tunnel, only one nearby fire extinguishing device needs to be started. High reliability, low fire extinguishing, high fire extinguishing efficiency, easy replacement. There is no need for regular maintenance like traditional automatic fire extinguishing equipment.
Comparing and analyzing the effectiveness of fire extinguishing, environmental protection, safety, and cost, the pulsed ultrafine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing device is most effective in extinguishing the cable fire.
First, compare the effectiveness of fire extinguishing
At present, the fire extinguishing products used in cable trenches, cable mezzanines, cable shafts, and distribution cabinets mainly include: Halon 1211, water spray, aerosol, superfine dry powder, gas fire extinguishing agents. The following is a comparison between the ultra-fine dry powder and aerosol fire extinguishing agents that are widely used in cable protection and have the highest fire extinguishing efficiency.
According to the way of generating sol, it can be divided into hot aerosol and cold aerosol. At present, aerosol fire extinguishing devices applied in engineering are all hot aerosols. They extinguish with the principle of negative catalysis, asphyxiation, etc., and produce a large number of liquid or solid particles after combustion reaction. Suspension medium quickly floods the entire fire to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire; the solid particles in the aerosol are mainly metal oxides, carbonates or bicarbonates. The fire extinguishing concentration of aerosols is relatively low, the fire extinguishing speed is faster, and there are residues after the fire extinguishing. They are unclean extinguishing agents. Each company adopts different pharmaceutical formulations and the nature of residues is not the same. Aerosols are totally submerged and extinguished, only Applicable to relatively closed, small space, multi-machine aerosol fire extinguishing systems and their control devices have not been fully functional so far, but also because the aerosol releases the fire extinguishing agent through combustion, release at atmospheric pressure, to make fire extinguishing agent It takes a certain amount of time (the number of fire extinguishing devices is related to the protection volume) to reach the total flooded fire extinguishing concentration, which directly affects the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing.
Ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent is a new product to replace "halon" research. Ultra-fine dry powder is non-toxic and harmless. It is non-irritating to human skin and has no corrosion to protective objects. It does not decompose or absorb moisture under normal conditions. Agglomeration, a new type of fire extinguishing agent with good fluidity, dispersibility and electrical insulation, with an average particle size of less than 5 μm, 6-10 times that of ordinary dry powder, 10 times that of heptafluoropropane, and 12 times that of carbon dioxide. .
There are many types of superfine dry powder fire extinguishing devices, among which the non-pressure type superfine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing device is blasting start (the fire extinguishing device is filled with solid gas generating agent. Once the fuse is ignited by fire, it quickly responds to the gas generating device. Explosion, fire extinguishing agent introduced) This fire extinguishing device can achieve rapid response, less than one second fire; is the fastest fire extinguishing, the highest efficiency of a fire extinguishing method. The storage pressure type automatic fire extinguishing device starts the compressed nitrogen gas through the temperature sensing glass element. The activated temperature sensor can be determined by the needs of the venue.
Second, environmental protection and use of safety comparison
"Halon" fire extinguishing agents have obvious destructive effects on the atmospheric ozone layer, so the "Montreal International Convention" signed by the United Nations and China's implementation of the "Outline Plan for Halon outbreaks in the Chinese fire-fighting industry" all put forward strict restrictions, and China has completely eliminated them. Dragon 1211 products.
The metal oxides, other particles and a small amount of harmful gases produced by aerosols cause some pollution to the environment. In terms of safety, aerosols cannot be used to protect places that are often occupied by people, and cannot be used to protect flammable and explosive places. Cannot be used for pipe network transportation systems. Because aerosols are extinguished by the smoke generated by combustion, their exothermic reaction of combustion usually occurs after high-temperature flame external spraying, and the outlet temperature when released reaches a minimum of 80-100 degrees, not only People within one meter are injured and there is the possibility of secondary fire; therefore, careful selection and use of aerosols should be made.
Ultrafine powder extinguishes the advantages of cable trenches, cable mezzanines, cable shafts, and fires in distribution cabinets. It is a mature technology that can be partially protected, and can also achieve full flood protection of gases. There are two automatic and manual startup methods: This method can be used in a single use, and it can also be combined with a common fire alarm control system in the market to form a pipeless fire extinguishing system. The product's environmental protection and safety in use are safe and reliable in cable trenches, cable jackets, cable shafts, and distribution cabinet systems.
Third, the economic cost of project cost
The water spray fire extinguishing system requires digging water tanks, laying pipelines, plus electrical control devices, high pressure water pumps and other equipment, which has the highest cost; and the maintenance cost is also the highest.
The aerosol equipment is simple, the fire extinguishing device is generally made into a cabinet type, and the installation space in the cable tunnel occupies space. The cost of the structure in terms of installation and maintenance is also higher than other products, in particular, the efficacy time is short and the maintenance cost is large in the later period.
The ultra-fine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing system adopts a suspended structure and is driven by air. Only by suspending the equipment above the protected object, the full effect of flooding and local protection can be achieved. The effective period of the pharmaceutical is more than five years and the comprehensive price is the lowest.
Fourth, the application and selection of fire extinguishing systems
According to the characteristics of the cable tunnel, the fire extinguishing equipment is the first choice for fire extinguishing devices that are safe, environmentally friendly, economical, and highly efficient.
Water spray fire extinguishing agents are effective for solid fires, and fire techniques for extinguishing cable tunnels are immature and the project cost is too high.
Although the aerosol fire extinguishing system has high fire extinguishing efficiency, due to the fire extinguishing agent combustion reaction, high temperature flames, pollution, and corrosion are also produced. The slow extinguishing speed is only suitable for small-scale protective areas, and is not suitable for cable tunnels and cables. Used in places such as sandwiches.
Superfine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing system has excellent fire-extinguishing effectiveness, environmental protection reliability, and appropriate cost-effectiveness. It is currently a substitute for “halon†and is suitable for use in all places, especially in cable trenches, cable mezzanines, and cable shafts. , distribution cabinets and other places.
In summary, each fire-extinguishing system has its advantages and disadvantages. In the application of fire-fighting projects such as cable trenches, cable mezzanines, cable shafts, and power distribution cabinets, the ultrafine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing system is the best system.
The direct cause of fire is the long-term operation of the cable, resulting in aging of the insulation layer, oxidation of the connector, increased contact resistance, overheating of the cable connector, and ignition of the cable. Once these places are on fire, it is very difficult for personnel to enter the fight.
The traditional way of preventing cable fires is to make fire zones and plugging in these places. Once a problem occurs, the loss can be reduced to a fire zone. There is no good active fire extinguishing method. The ultrafine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing system can well solve the automatic fire protection of the site.
The ultrafine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing device has suspension type pressure storage type, suspension pressureless type and other models. When a fire occurs, it may not be able to provide signals through the detection and alarm equipment, but can automatically start itself. The system has a simple structure, a small variety of equipment, and does not require civil works. The fire extinguishing device is arranged at the top of the protection object. Each group is started by a startup component that can feed back the address code to the control room through the module. When a fire is applied in a cable tunnel, only one nearby fire extinguishing device needs to be started. High reliability, low fire extinguishing, high fire extinguishing efficiency, easy replacement. There is no need for regular maintenance like traditional automatic fire extinguishing equipment.
Comparing and analyzing the effectiveness of fire extinguishing, environmental protection, safety, and cost, the pulsed ultrafine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing device is most effective in extinguishing the cable fire.
First, compare the effectiveness of fire extinguishing
At present, the fire extinguishing products used in cable trenches, cable mezzanines, cable shafts, and distribution cabinets mainly include: Halon 1211, water spray, aerosol, superfine dry powder, gas fire extinguishing agents. The following is a comparison between the ultra-fine dry powder and aerosol fire extinguishing agents that are widely used in cable protection and have the highest fire extinguishing efficiency.
According to the way of generating sol, it can be divided into hot aerosol and cold aerosol. At present, aerosol fire extinguishing devices applied in engineering are all hot aerosols. They extinguish with the principle of negative catalysis, asphyxiation, etc., and produce a large number of liquid or solid particles after combustion reaction. Suspension medium quickly floods the entire fire to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire; the solid particles in the aerosol are mainly metal oxides, carbonates or bicarbonates. The fire extinguishing concentration of aerosols is relatively low, the fire extinguishing speed is faster, and there are residues after the fire extinguishing. They are unclean extinguishing agents. Each company adopts different pharmaceutical formulations and the nature of residues is not the same. Aerosols are totally submerged and extinguished, only Applicable to relatively closed, small space, multi-machine aerosol fire extinguishing systems and their control devices have not been fully functional so far, but also because the aerosol releases the fire extinguishing agent through combustion, release at atmospheric pressure, to make fire extinguishing agent It takes a certain amount of time (the number of fire extinguishing devices is related to the protection volume) to reach the total flooded fire extinguishing concentration, which directly affects the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing.
Ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent is a new product to replace "halon" research. Ultra-fine dry powder is non-toxic and harmless. It is non-irritating to human skin and has no corrosion to protective objects. It does not decompose or absorb moisture under normal conditions. Agglomeration, a new type of fire extinguishing agent with good fluidity, dispersibility and electrical insulation, with an average particle size of less than 5 μm, 6-10 times that of ordinary dry powder, 10 times that of heptafluoropropane, and 12 times that of carbon dioxide. .
There are many types of superfine dry powder fire extinguishing devices, among which the non-pressure type superfine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing device is blasting start (the fire extinguishing device is filled with solid gas generating agent. Once the fuse is ignited by fire, it quickly responds to the gas generating device. Explosion, fire extinguishing agent introduced) This fire extinguishing device can achieve rapid response, less than one second fire; is the fastest fire extinguishing, the highest efficiency of a fire extinguishing method. The storage pressure type automatic fire extinguishing device starts the compressed nitrogen gas through the temperature sensing glass element. The activated temperature sensor can be determined by the needs of the venue.
Second, environmental protection and use of safety comparison
"Halon" fire extinguishing agents have obvious destructive effects on the atmospheric ozone layer, so the "Montreal International Convention" signed by the United Nations and China's implementation of the "Outline Plan for Halon outbreaks in the Chinese fire-fighting industry" all put forward strict restrictions, and China has completely eliminated them. Dragon 1211 products.
The metal oxides, other particles and a small amount of harmful gases produced by aerosols cause some pollution to the environment. In terms of safety, aerosols cannot be used to protect places that are often occupied by people, and cannot be used to protect flammable and explosive places. Cannot be used for pipe network transportation systems. Because aerosols are extinguished by the smoke generated by combustion, their exothermic reaction of combustion usually occurs after high-temperature flame external spraying, and the outlet temperature when released reaches a minimum of 80-100 degrees, not only People within one meter are injured and there is the possibility of secondary fire; therefore, careful selection and use of aerosols should be made.
Ultrafine powder extinguishes the advantages of cable trenches, cable mezzanines, cable shafts, and fires in distribution cabinets. It is a mature technology that can be partially protected, and can also achieve full flood protection of gases. There are two automatic and manual startup methods: This method can be used in a single use, and it can also be combined with a common fire alarm control system in the market to form a pipeless fire extinguishing system. The product's environmental protection and safety in use are safe and reliable in cable trenches, cable jackets, cable shafts, and distribution cabinet systems.
Third, the economic cost of project cost
The water spray fire extinguishing system requires digging water tanks, laying pipelines, plus electrical control devices, high pressure water pumps and other equipment, which has the highest cost; and the maintenance cost is also the highest.
The aerosol equipment is simple, the fire extinguishing device is generally made into a cabinet type, and the installation space in the cable tunnel occupies space. The cost of the structure in terms of installation and maintenance is also higher than other products, in particular, the efficacy time is short and the maintenance cost is large in the later period.
The ultra-fine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing system adopts a suspended structure and is driven by air. Only by suspending the equipment above the protected object, the full effect of flooding and local protection can be achieved. The effective period of the pharmaceutical is more than five years and the comprehensive price is the lowest.
Fourth, the application and selection of fire extinguishing systems
According to the characteristics of the cable tunnel, the fire extinguishing equipment is the first choice for fire extinguishing devices that are safe, environmentally friendly, economical, and highly efficient.
Water spray fire extinguishing agents are effective for solid fires, and fire techniques for extinguishing cable tunnels are immature and the project cost is too high.
Although the aerosol fire extinguishing system has high fire extinguishing efficiency, due to the fire extinguishing agent combustion reaction, high temperature flames, pollution, and corrosion are also produced. The slow extinguishing speed is only suitable for small-scale protective areas, and is not suitable for cable tunnels and cables. Used in places such as sandwiches.
Superfine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing system has excellent fire-extinguishing effectiveness, environmental protection reliability, and appropriate cost-effectiveness. It is currently a substitute for “halon†and is suitable for use in all places, especially in cable trenches, cable mezzanines, and cable shafts. , distribution cabinets and other places.
In summary, each fire-extinguishing system has its advantages and disadvantages. In the application of fire-fighting projects such as cable trenches, cable mezzanines, cable shafts, and power distribution cabinets, the ultrafine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing system is the best system.
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