Abstract In the past few days, many cities in central and eastern China have been covered in smog, and air quality has been seriously polluted. As the weather conditions change, the smog will eventually dissipate, but the government and the public's attention to environmental protection cannot be distracted by the wind. Environmental pollution seriously affects social production and life and endangers people...
In the past few days, many cities in central and eastern China have been shrouded in smog, and air quality has been seriously polluted. As the weather conditions change, the smog will eventually dissipate, but the government and the public's attention to environmental protection cannot be distracted by the wind. Environmental pollution seriously affects social production and life, endangers the health of the people, protects the environment, and builds beautiful China. It is no longer a matter of staying on paper and spreading it in words. Foggy is a natural phenomenon, which has been recorded and described in ancient and modern literature. For example, Mr. Zhu Ziqing's "thin blue fog floats in the lotus pond" described in the prose "Hollywood Moonlight" reveals a kind of beauty. However, the smog weather in recent days can no longer give any beauty.
Most of the fog locks in China, although related to the natural conditions such as falling wind speed and increased humidity, the excessive discharge of pollutants is undoubtedly the chief culprit of heavy pollution. The Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Department said that the large amount of emissions from coal, motor vehicles, industry, dust and other pollution sources is the root cause of the serious pollution caused by this smog weather. This is a profound warning to China's environmental protection work.
It is obviously difficult to form a long-term mechanism to reduce the pollutant discharge of key polluting units, to urge the construction unit to control dust, and to force the official units to stop driving part of the official vehicles. To change the current situation of environmental pollution and reverse the trend of environmental degradation, it is necessary to completely transform the economic development mode, better control energy consumption growth, and promote energy conservation and emission reduction.
At present, the environmental protection department lacks strong enforcement measures, and it is difficult for the sewage disposal enterprises to be effectively implemented. The penalty of a maximum fine of 50,000 yuan is not painful for polluting enterprises and will not play its due role. In some places, due to taxation and employment considerations, the default even supports the production of some energy-intensive and highly polluting enterprises. Therefore, it is a very urgent task to strengthen the law enforcement effectiveness of the environmental protection department and increase the penalties for polluting enterprises.
Objectively speaking, China is still in the middle of industrialization, and the development stage is still relatively lagging behind. The per capita GDP is only about 1/10 of that of the United States. Development is the last word. In this context, changing the energy structure and promoting the use of clean energy is a more realistic path for China to save energy and reduce emissions and protect the environment.
From the perspective of energy structure, China's clean energy power generation accounts for less than 30% of the total installed capacity, and coal accounts for about 70% of China's total primary energy production and consumption. One of the direct causes of the smog is that the heating in the north has led to an increase in coal consumption. The consumption of nearly 4 billion tons of coal per year brings an unbearable burden to the environment. To reduce pollutants, especially pollutants, it is necessary to change the coal-based energy structure and minimize the use of fossil fuels such as coal and oil.
In the long run, the development of renewable energy and clean energy such as wind, solar and hydropower is an inevitable measure to solve China's energy supply and promote energy conservation and emission reduction. At present, these energy sources are still subject to factors such as technology, cost, grid connection and total water resources.
Increasing the development of natural gas and nuclear power is also a viable option. The data show that China has many types of shale gas resources and relatively concentrated distribution. The potential of recoverable resources is 25 trillion cubic meters (excluding Qinghai-Tibet), which is equivalent to the conventional natural gas in China's land, and is similar to the 24 trillion cubic meters in the United States. Some analysts even believe that the reserves of shale gas in China are much larger than those in the United States. Therefore, China must improve the technology of shale gas exploitation and development as soon as possible, reduce the cost of shale gas development, solve the pollution problems brought about by development, and encourage private capital to enter the shale gas exploration and development field.
The development and utilization of nuclear power should also be steadily advanced on the basis of safety and reliability. It should be said that the current nuclear power technology is guaranteed in safety. The Fukushima nuclear crisis should not disrupt the pace of China's nuclear power development and utilization. Compared with the use of nuclear power in France and other countries, accounting for more than 70%, China's nuclear power development is still lagging behind. As a relatively clean and relatively low-cost energy source, we should steadily promote its development and utilization.
As China's dependence on foreign oil reaches 57%, and even approaches 60%, the issue of energy security is increasingly important. Increasing the use of unconventional energy is both a need to ensure energy security and an effective way to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction. Coal-based energy structure, contradictions and problems have become increasingly prominent, and with the maturity of new energy technologies, it has become possible to change the coal-based energy structure in the short term.
The heavy pollution caused by a large number of smog for several days has sounded the alarm for environmental protection for the people. The fog has dispersed and the action must begin.
What Is A Solar Panel?
Solar energy begins with the sun. Solar panels (also known as "PV panels") are used to convert light from the sun, which is composed of particles of energy called "photons", into electricity that can be used to power electrical loads.
Solar panels can be used for a wide variety of applications including remote power systems for cabins, telecommunications equipment, remote sensing, and of course for the production of electricity by residential and commercial solar electric systems.
How Do Solar Panels Work?
Solar panels collect clean renewable energy in the form of sunlight and convert that light into electricity which can then be used to provide power for electrical loads. Solar panels are comprised of several individual solar cells which are themselves composed of layers of silicon, phosphorous (which provides the negative charge), and boron (which provides the positive charge). Solar panels absorb the photons and in doing so initiate an electric current. The resulting energy generated from photons striking the surface of the solar panel allows electrons to be knocked out of their atomic orbits and released into the electric field generated by the solar cells which then pull these free electrons into a directional current. This entire process is known as the Photovoltaic Effect. An average home has more than enough roof area for the necessary number of solar panels to produce enough solar electricrity to supply all of its power needs excess electricity generated goes onto the main power grid, paying off in electricity use at night.
In a well-balanced grid-connected configuration, a solar array generates power during the day that is then used in the home at night. Net metering programs allow solar generator owners to get paid if their system produces more power than what is needed in the home. In off-grid solar applications, a battery bank, charge controller, and in most cases, an inverter are necessary components. The solar array sends direct current (DC) electricity through the charge controller to the battery bank. The power is then drawn from the battery bank to the inverter, which converts the DC current into alternating current (AC) that can be used for non-DC appliances. Assisted by an inverter, solar panel arrays can be sized to meet the most demanding electrical load requirements. The AC current can be used to power loads in homes or commercial buildings, recreational vehicles and boats, remote cabins, cottages, or homes, remote traffic controls, telecommunications equipment, oil and gas flow monitoring, RTU, SCADA, and much more.
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