Sand blasting: technical terminology of gold and silver coins. That is, on the production mold of gold and silver coins, metal sand grains of various sizes and sizes are used to spray the pattern part into a very fine frosted surface. When producing gold and silver coins, a beautiful silver layer appears in the pattern part, which increases the three-dimensional feeling and Layering. The principle of sand blasting is to use compressed air as the power to form a high-speed jet beam to spray the spray (copper ore, quartz sand, corundum, iron sand, Hainan sand) at high speed to the surface of the workpiece to be treated, so that the outer surface of the workpiece surface The appearance or shape changes, due to the impact of the abrasive on the surface of the workpiece and the cutting effect, the surface of the workpiece is given a certain degree of cleanliness and different roughness, so that the mechanical properties of the surface of the workpiece are improved, thus improving the fatigue resistance of the workpiece. It increases the adhesion between it and the coating, prolongs the durability of the coating, and also facilitates the leveling and decoration of the coating.
Main application areas of sand blasting (1) Workpiece coating, pre-bonding treatment, blasting can remove all dirt such as scale on the surface of the workpiece, and establish a very important basic pattern on the surface of the workpiece (the so-called so-called The matte surface), and can change the abrasive of different particle sizes, for example, the abrasive of the flying abrasive abrasive reaches different degrees of roughness, greatly improving the bonding force between the workpiece and the paint and the plating material. Or make the bonding part stronger and better quality.
(2) Cleaning and polishing of the rough surface of the casting and the blasting after the heat treatment can clean all the dirt (such as oxide scale and oil stain) on the surface of the workpiece after heat treatment, and polish the surface of the workpiece to improve the smoothness of the workpiece. The workpiece can be exposed to a uniform metal color, so that the appearance of the workpiece is more beautiful and beautiful.
(3) Machining parts burr cleaning and surface beautification blasting can clean the surface of the workpiece with small burrs, and make the surface of the workpiece more flat, eliminating the damage of burrs and improving the grade of the workpiece. And sand blasting can make small rounded corners at the intersection of the workpiece surface, making the workpiece look more beautiful and more precise.
(4) Improving the mechanical properties of the parts After the sandblasting, the mechanical parts can produce uniform and fine concave and convex surfaces on the surface of the parts, so that the lubricating oil can be stored, thereby improving the lubrication conditions and reducing the noise and improving the service life of the machine.
(5) Light decoration effect For some special purpose workpieces, sand blasting can realize different reflection or matt at will. Such as stainless steel "target=_blank> stainless steel workpiece, plastic grinding, jade polishing, matt surface of wooden furniture, matte glass surface pattern, and fabric surface processing.
Sandblasting process
1 Sandblasting process pretreatment stage
The pre-process stage refers to the treatment of the surface of the workpiece before the workpiece is sprayed and sprayed with the protective layer.
The quality of the pre-blasting process is good, which affects the adhesion, appearance, moisture resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating. The pre-treatment work is not done well, and the rust will continue to spread under the coating, causing the coating to fall off. After carefully cleaned the surface and the generally cleaned workpiece, the coating is compared by the exposure method, and the life span can be 4-5 times. There are many ways to clean the surface, but the most common methods accepted are: solvent cleaning, pickling, hand tools, power tools.
2 Sandblasting process
The blasting process uses compressed air as the power to form a high-speed jet beam, which sprays the spray material at a high speed to the surface of the workpiece to be processed, so that the appearance of the outer surface of the workpiece changes. The surface of the workpiece is obtained due to the impact of the abrasive on the surface of the workpiece and the cutting action. A certain degree of cleanliness and different roughness improve the mechanical properties of the workpiece surface.
The classification of sand blasting machine is the most widely used product of abrasive jet. Sand blasting machine is generally divided into dry blasting machine and liquid blasting machine. Dry blasting machine can be divided into suction type and pressure. Two types of entry.
Suction dry sand blasting machine
1. General composition
A complete suction dry blasting machine generally consists of six systems, namely structural system, medium power system, piping system, dust removal system, control system and auxiliary system.
2. Working principle
The suction type dry blasting machine is powered by compressed air, and passes the negative pressure formed in the spray gun through the high-speed movement of the airflow to pass the abrasive through the sand pipe.
The gun is sucked into the nozzle and ejected through the nozzle to be sprayed onto the surface to be processed to achieve the desired processing. In a suction dry blasting machine, compressed air is supplied.
Press-in dry blasting machine
1. General composition
A complete press-in dry blasting machine working unit generally consists of four systems, namely pressure tank, medium power system, piping system, and control system.
2. Working principle of press-in dry blasting machine
The press-in dry blasting machine is powered by compressed air, and the abrasive is passed through the sand outlet valve by the working pressure established by the compressed air in the pressure tank.
Pressed into the sand pipe and injected through the nozzle, sprayed onto the surface to be processed to achieve the desired processing. In a push-in dry blasting machine, compressed air is supplied.
Matters needing attention when sandblasting
1. Protective equipment must be worn before work, and it is not allowed to work with naked arms. No less than two people at work.
2. The gas storage tank, pressure gauge and safety valve should be checked regularly. The gas tank discharges dust once every two weeks, and the filter in the sand tank is inspected once a month.
3. Check whether the ventilation pipe and the sand blasting machine door are sealed. Five minutes before the work, the ventilation and dust removal equipment shall be activated. When the ventilation and dust removal equipment fails, the sandblasting machine is prohibited from working.
4. The compressed air valve should be opened slowly, and the air pressure must not exceed 0.8 MPa.
5, sandblasting particle size should be compatible with the work requirements, generally between 10 to 20, the sand should be kept dry.
6. When the sand blasting machine is working, it is forbidden for the unrelated personnel to approach. When cleaning and adjusting the operating part, stop it.
7. Do not use compressed air to blow dust or make jokes.
8. After the work is finished, the ventilation and dust removal equipment should continue to operate for five minutes and then shut down to discharge indoor dust and keep the site clean.
9. In the event of personal or equipment accidents, the site should be kept and reported to the relevant department.
Liquid blasting machine
Compared with the dry blasting machine, the liquid sand blasting machine has the best feature of controlling the dust pollution during the blasting process and improving the working environment of the blasting operation.
1. General composition
A complete liquid blasting machine is generally composed of five systems, namely a structural system, a medium power system, a piping system, a control system, and an auxiliary system.
2. working principle
The liquid blasting machine uses a grinding liquid pump as the feeding power of the grinding liquid, and the grinding fluid (mixture of abrasive and water) is uniformly supplied to the spray gun through the grinding liquid pump. As the accelerating power of the grinding fluid, the compressed air enters the spray gun through the gas pipe. In the spray gun, the compressed air accelerates the grinding liquid entering the spray gun, and is injected through the nozzle to be sprayed onto the surface to be processed to achieve the intended processing purpose. In the liquid blasting machine, the grinding fluid pump is the feeding power, and the compressed air is the acceleration power.
Other cleanliness level cleanliness, there are two representative international standards: one is the United States 85 years to develop "SSPC-"; the second is Sweden's 76 years of the development of "Sa-", which is divided into four levels are Sa1 Sa2, Sa2.5, and Sa3 are international common standards, which are described in detail as follows:
Sa1 level - equivalent to the US SSPC - SP7 level. Using a simple and simple manual brushing method, the sanding method is the lowest of the four cleanliness levels, and the coating is only slightly better than the untreated workpiece. Technical standard for Sa1 treatment: oil, grease, residual scale, rust, and residual paint should not be visible on the surface of the workpiece. The Sa1 level is also called manual cleaning. (or cleaning level)
Sa2 level - equivalent to the US SSPC - SP6 level. The blast cleaning method is the lowest level in the blasting process, which is the general requirement, but the protection of the coating is much higher than the manual cleaning. Technical standard for Sa2 treatment: greasy, dirt, scale, scale, paint, oxides, corrosives, and other foreign matter (except for defects) shall not be visible on the surface of the workpiece, but the defects shall not exceed the surface per square meter. 33%, which may include slight shadows; a small amount of slight discoloration due to defects and rust; scale and paint defects. If the original surface of the workpiece is dented, slight rust and paint will remain on the bottom of the dent. The Sa2 level is also called the commodity cleanup level (or industrial grade).
Sa2.5 grade - is commonly used in industry and can be used as a level of acceptance technical requirements and standards. The Sa2.5 level is also called the near white cleanup level (near white level or white level). Technical standard for Sa2.5 treatment: Same as Sa2 requires the first half, but the defect is limited to 5% of the surface per square meter, which may include slight shadow; a small amount of slight discoloration due to defects and rust; oxide scale and paint defects .
Sa3 level - equivalent to the US SSPC - SP5 level, is the highest processing level in the industry, also known as white clean level (or white level). The technical standard for Sa3 processing: the same as Sa2.5 but 5% of shadows, defects, rust, etc. must not exist.
Sandblasting material
Sand blasting: technical terminology of gold and silver coins. That is, on the production mold of gold and silver coins, metal sand grains of various sizes and sizes are used to spray the pattern part into a very fine frosted surface. When producing gold and silver coins, a beautiful silver layer appears in the pattern part, which increases the three-dimensional feeling and Layering.
Sand blasting (referring to metal surface rust removal or plating on metal surface) with quartz sand, ordinary quartz sand, refined quartz sand: high hardness, good rust removal effect, physical and chemical indicators are as follows.
SiO2 ≥ 88 - 99.8% Fe2O3 ≤ 0.1 - 0.005%, refractoriness 1450 - 1800 ° C, uniform appearance particles, commonly used particle size 1-3MM and 0.1-0.3MM, pure white. The particle size range is mostly in the range of 5-220 mesh, and can be produced according to the user's requirements. Main uses: metallurgy, ink silicon carbide, glass and glass products, enamel, cast steel, water filtration, sodium silicate, chemical, sandblasting and other industries.
Safety procedures for sand blasting
1. Protective equipment must be worn before work, and it is not allowed to work with naked arms. No less than two people at work.
2. The gas storage tank, pressure gauge and safety valve should be checked regularly. The gas tank discharges dust once every two weeks, and the filter in the sand tank is inspected once a month.
3. Check whether the ventilation pipe and the sand blasting machine door are sealed. Five minutes before the work, the ventilation and dust removal equipment shall be activated. When the ventilation and dust removal equipment fails, the sandblasting machine is prohibited from working.
4. The compressed air valve should be opened slowly, and the air pressure must not exceed 0.8 MPa.
5, sandblasting particle size should be compatible with the work requirements, generally between 10 to 20, the sand should be kept dry.
6. When the sand blasting machine is working, it is forbidden for the unrelated personnel to approach. When cleaning and adjusting the operating part, stop it.
7. Do not use compressed air to blow dust or make jokes.
8. After the work is finished, the ventilation and dust removal equipment should continue to operate for five minutes and then shut down to discharge indoor dust and keep the site clean.
9. In the event of personal or equipment accidents, the site should be kept and reported to the relevant department.
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